1. Which statement regarding poverty and health insurance is true?
a. Millions of people in the United States are without health insurance.
b. The poor in the United States are as healthy as persons with higher incomes.
c. Persons with money or health insurance are less likely to seek health car...
COMMUNITY HEALTH
1. Which statement regarding poverty and health insurance is true?
a. Millions of people in the United States are without health insurance.
b. The poor in the United States are as healthy as persons with higher incomes.
c. Persons with money or health insurance are less likely to seek health care.
d. The poor are more likely to receive health care through private agencies. - correct
answersANS: A) Millions of people in the United States are without health insurance.
Rationale: In 2012, 48 million people were without health insurance in the United States. The
poor in the United States are generally not as healthy as persons with middle or higher
incomes. Persons with money and/or health insurance are more likely to seek health care. The
poor are less likely to receive health care through private agencies
2. The allocation of scarce resources within the health care sector and the focus on resource
allocation issues related to producing and distributing health care is called:
a. economics.
b. health economics.
c. public health economics.
d. microeconomic theory - correct answersANS: B) Health Economics.
Rationale: Health economics is the allocation of scarce resources within the health care sector
and the focus on resource allocation issues related to producing and distributing health care.
Economics is the science concerned with the use of resources, including the production,
distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Public health economics focuses on the
production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services as related to public health and
where limited public resources might best be spent to save lives or increase the quality of life.
Microeconomic theory deals with the behaviors of individuals and organizations and the effects
of those behaviors on prices, costs, and the allocation and distribution of resources.
3. A nurse discusses services with a federal congressman. Which of the following services would
the nurse most likely be discussing?
a. Family planning
b. Counseling
c. Policymaking
d. Prevention of communicable diseases - correct answersANS: C) Policy Making
,Rationale: Policy making is offered at the federal level. Family planning, counseling, and
preventing communicable
and infectious diseases are offered at the state and local levels.
4. A business offers wellness incentives to its employees and then notices a decrease in the
frequency of physician visits among employees. Which of the following terms best describes
what has happened?
a. Macroeconomic theory
b. Efficiency
c. Supply and demand
d. Microeconomic theory - correct answersANS: D) Microeconomic theory
Rationale: Microeconomic theory is examining the behaviors of individuals and organizations
that result from trade-offs in utility and budget constraints of health care. Efficiency refers to
producing maximum output using a given set of resources. Supply and demand are two basic
principles of microeconomic theory. Macroeconomic theory focuses on the "big picture."
5. A business offers wellness incentives to its employees and then notices a decrease in the
frequency of physician visits among employees. Which of the following terms best describes
what has happened?
a. Macroeconomic theory
b. Efficiency
c. Supply and demand
d. Microeconomic theory - correct answersANS: D) Microeconomic theory
Rationale: Microeconomic theory is examining the behaviors of individuals and organizations
that result from trade-offs in utility and budget constraints of health care. Efficiency refers to
producing maximum output using a given set of resources. Supply and demand are two basic
principles of microeconomic theory. Macroeconomic theory focuses on the "big picture."
6. A nurse is faced with a macroeconomics issue. Which of the following best describes what is
happening?
a. The evaluation of client access to services
b. A health policy that makes the development of a new program possible
c. Informing clients and others of the cost of service
d. The referral of clients to available services - correct answersANS: B) A health policy that
makes the development of a new program possible.
Rationale: Macroeconomics focuses on the "big picture," such as a program, whereas
microeconomics focuses on the individual or organization.
7. A public health nurse applies the principles of the macroeconomics theory when working
with a community. Which of the following best describes why this theory would be used?
, a. The nurse is concerned with factors that determine prices and affect resource allocation.
b. The nurse is concerned with the positive effect of competitiveness on health care costs.
c. The nurse is concerned with the supply, demand, and costs of services available to their
clients.
d. The nurse is concerned with the policies to support programs to improve the health of the
community. - correct answersANS: D) The nurse is concerned with the policies to support
programs to improve the health of the community.
Rationale: Macroeconomic theory focuses on the "big picture"—the total, or aggregate, of all
individuals and organizations (e.g., behaviors such as growth, expansion, or decline of an
aggregate). The primary focuses of macroeconomics are the business cycle and economic
growth. These cycles are influenced by a number of factors, such as political changes, policy
changes, knowledge and technology advances, or simply the belief by a recognized business
leader that the cycle is or should be shifting. Microeconomics focuses on the individual or an
organization. Factors such as levels of income, employment, general price levels, and rate of
economic growth are important in microeconomics.
8. A nurse is using the principles of supply and demand in daily practice. Which of the following
best describes this phenomenon?
a. The demand for nurses in public health is low, but the supply is high.
b. Few goods or services are available, the price tends to rise.
c. Supplies are low, nurses must find alternate resources.
d. Lesser-developed countries receive supplies from other countries. - correct answersANS: B)
Few goods or services are available, the price tends to rise.
Rationale: Supply and demand is in force when few goods or services are available, and then
the price tends to rise. The other examples do not demonstrate the use of the laws of supply
and demand.
9. A nurse implements a teen pregnancy prevention program in a high school that has been
shown to decrease the rate of teen pregnancy. Which of the following best describes the
nurse's action?
a. Effectiveness
b. Efficiency
c. Microeconomics
d. Production - correct answersANS: A) Effectiveness
Rationale: Effectiveness refers to the extent to which a health care service meets a stated goal
or objective, or how well a program or service achieves what is intended. Efficiency refers to
producing maximum output using a given set of resources. Microeconomic theory is examining
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