Summary
Zusammenfassung Hormone
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Physiologie II: Hormone
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Zusammenfassung – HormoneEndokrine Organe
Endokrines Organ Funktion / Synthese
Hypothalamus Befehle direkt aus der Großhirnrinde und aus limbischem System
Releasing-/Inhibiting-Hormone mit hauptsächlicher Wirkung auf
Hypophyse
ADH und Oxytocin
Hypophyse glandotrope Hormone
Epiphyse Melatonin
Bekommt Information indirekt von der Retina
Nebenniere Steroidhormone und Katecholamine
Schilddrüse Thyroxin, Triiodthyronin, Calcitonin
Nebenschilddrüse Parathormon
Hoden Spermatogenese, Sexualhormone
Ovarien Ort der Oogenese, Sexualhormone
Pankreas Exokriner Anteil = Verdauungsenzyme
Endokriner Anteil = Insulin, Glucagon
Leber Größtes Stoffwechselorgan
Bildet Gallenflüssigkeit
Entgiftung (Biotransformation)
Speicherorgan (Glykogen, Vitamine)
Aktivierung von Triiodthyronin
Synthese: Wachstumsfaktoren, Angiotensinogen, Calciferolen
(Beteiligung)
Nieren Filtration des Blutes, Harnbildung
Erythropoetin, Renin, Calciferole (Beteiligung)
, Endokrine Zellen
Organ Zelle Ort Funktion (Synthese)
Schilddrüse C-Zellen Calcitonin
Magen-Darm- G-Zellen Magen Gastrin
Trakt
H- oder ECL-Zellen Magen Histamin
I-Zellen Duodenum, Jejunum Cholecystokinin (CCK)
K-Zellen Duodenum, Jejunum Glucose-dependent insulin-
releasing peptide (GIP)
Enteroendokrine Zellen Dünndarm Somatostatin
L-Zellen Ileum, Colon Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1)
M-Zellen Dünndarm Motilin
Pankreas α-Zellen Glucagon, Pankreastatin
β-Zellen Insulin, Chromatostatin
D-Zellen Somatostatin
PP-Zellen Pankreatisches Peptid
Herz Myokardzellen Rechter Vorhof Atriales natriuretisches Peptid
(ANP)
Ventrikulär Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Niere Zellen Juxtaglomerulärer Renin
Apparat
Hoden Leydig-Zellen Testosteron
Ovarien Theca-interna-Zellen Androgene
Granulosazellen Gelbkörper Östrogene, Progesteron
Plazenta Humanes Choringonadotropin
(HCG)
Humanes Plazentalactogen
(HPL)
, Hypothalamus- und Hypophysen-Hormone
Releasing-Hormone (-RH) des medialen Hypothalamus
Abkürzung Name Fördert Freisetzung von:
TRH Thyreotropin-RH Thyreotropin (TSH)
Prolactin
CRH Corticotropin-RH Corticotropin (ACTH)
Stimuliert Synthese von POMC
GnRH Gonadotropin-RH Lutropin (LH)
Follitropin (FSH)
GHRH Growth-Hormone-RH Somatotropin (STH = GH)
Inhibiting-Hormone (-IH) des medialen Hypothalamus
Abkürzung Name Hemmt Freisetzung von:
GHIH, SIH Growth-Hormone-IH Somatotropin (STH)
Somatotropin-IH Thyreotropin (TSH)
Somatostatin
PIH Prolactin-IH Prolactin
Dopamin
- die oben genannten Hormone werden im medialen Hypothalamus gebildet
- im rostralen Hypothalamus werden folgende effektorische Hormone synthetisiert:
o ADH (antidiuretisches Hormon)
o Oxytocin
- beide Hormone gelangen über axonalen Transport zur Neurohyophyse (Hinterlappen)
und werden dort gespeichert und an die Blutbahn abgegeben
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