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Summary week 1 COM including lecture notes and mandatory literature $4.82   Add to cart

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Summary week 1 COM including lecture notes and mandatory literature

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Summary of the content for week 1 of the course COM. Includes lecture notes, notes of the mandatory literature of this week and summary of the book regarding this weeks content.

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  • January 16, 2023
  • 24
  • 2022/2023
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Week 1
Lecture 1: Introduction to organizational structure &
design

Trends & context affecting organizations
Organization =
 People working collectively for a common purpose
 An organized group of people with a particular purpose


Society is totally organized. Important to understand organizations:
 Work may be boring but understanding organizations and the people
in it rarely is
 However, organizations may be important and exciting, but we
generally know little about them and take them for granted


Organized life is often self-evident (lectures) and hidden behind golden
bricks
Organizational structures


Organizational structures
 Current organizational structures can be understood looking at the
past
 From mechanic organizations
 To more organic
 How can this be explained?


Current structures are result from the past:
1. Industrial revolution  from hand production to:
 Machines
 New chemical manufacturing
 Iron production

,  Increased use of steam water and power


2. Evidence based medicine
 New diagnostic & treatment options


3. Resulted in
 Larger organizations
 More complex products
 More specialization
 More demand, higher productivity


Organizations as machines:
 Mechanistic model
 Fayol’s approach is strongly task-orientated, as are other theories of
the time, such as taylor scientific management
 Model aimed at efficiency and productivity
 Formalized, central and complex
 Stable and simple environment


Organic organizations:
 Organic model
 Task, authority and routines are constantly redefined
 Flat organizations
 Informal, decentralized, simple
 Complex & dynamic environment



Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy = Organizational structure characterized by regulatory
procedures, division of responsibility, hierarchy and impersonal
relationships


Has many negative connotations

, Operating principles:
1. Rationalization (procedures, rules)
2. Formality (focus on standardization of processes)
3. Specialization
4. Hierarchy
5. Universal access, but no individual control


Max weber: “superior to any other form in precision, stability, discipline
and relianility”


High degree of calculability of results


 Specialization:” you have one job”
 Work regulated by rules and procedures
 Top-Down management (hierarchy) of low-skilled workers


Critiques on bureaucracy
 Dehumanizing effects on employees, customers, patients etc.
 Little room for human beings (powerlesnness, meaninlesness. Self-
alienation
 Inflexible/rigid
 Inefficient and viscous
 Differentiation & disintegration
 Limited rationality (goal rationality)
 Limited morality (value rationality)


Traditional: bureaus without participation by the governed. Organizations
could be belastingdiesnt, UPS, hospital, etc.


Hospitals are bureaucratic because
 Standardization of processes: clinical guideline practices, care
pathways

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