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Samenvatting buiteNLand 3 vwo tto h2&3
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2.1The evolution of life has four main eras
1. Precambrian: in this time the earth was frozen and there was only live underwater. Only
later in this era, the first forms of life on the surface was created
2. Paleozoic: first the continents moved apart and later they were together as Pangea
3. Mesozoic: in this time dinosaurs lived and the current continents were formed
4. Cenozoic: this era started after the dinosaurs died and this is how we know life now
Through the years there have been 5 large extensions like the meteorite that killed the dinosaurs or
for example when the earth froze these events have changed different forms of life a lot.z
2.2
The fossils in a place can tell you a lot about what there was before for example at the north sea they
found the remains of a mammoth which tells us that there was land there before
There are three types of rock
1. Sedimentary: this type of rock is formed due to layers of sand or clay being pushed into each
other
2. Igneous rock: rocks formed by magma that is cooled down
3. Metamorphic: a rock that has been changed due to high pressure or temperatures
There are two ways to tell how old a layer is
1. Relative age: you don’t know how old a layer is but you do know how old a layer is
compared to the other layers
2. Absolute: some rocks have uranium in them and they dissolve at a certain speed in this way
you can tell how old a rock is
2.3
Mineral resources are things we use from the earth such as iron and gold we can extract those ores
by open-cast mining(mining above ground) or shaft mining( mining underground). But some of the
minerals are running out those materials are called rare.
2.4
Europe is a continent that is rich in mineral resources, including coal and iron ore. These resources
have played a significant role in developing the continent's industries, particularly in steel production.
However, Europe is not self-sufficient in all mineral resources and relies on imports from other
countries. The European Union regularly compiles a list of critical natural resources, which are vital to
the European economy but may have risks in terms of supply. These resources are used in various
industries, including modern technology and energy-efficient applications. To reduce dependence on
these resources, Europe is working on solutions such as recycling, reuse, substitution, and better
product design.
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