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Electrolysis and Salt
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Detailed notes on Electrolysis , it's reaction and mostly all covered on electrolysis for class 8 excellent notes to easily get good marks on this Topic.
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CHEMISTRYFriday, December 2, 2022 5:57 PM
ElEctrolysis and salt
Electrolysis is the breakdown of a substance by electricity
• Only ionic compounds can be broken down using electrolysis not
covalent compounds because covalent compounds don't have free
ions
• Liquids molten or aqueous which are broken down when they
conduct electricity are called electrolytes
• Electrolytes can conduct electricity as they have free ions
• Anode is positively charged electrode and attracts negatively
charged anions
• Cathode is negatively charged electrode and attracts positively
charged cations
• Oxidation -- Gain of oxygen and loss of electrons(happens in anode)
• Reduction -- Loss of oxygen and gain of electrons(happens in
cathode)
• Process of electrolysis :
Electricity flows around a circuit an electric current is the flow of
electrons during electrolysis the electrons from the battery go to the
cathode here they meet positive ions then they make them gain
electrons from the circuit and change to neutral atoms and in the
anode the negative ions 's electrons are taken away and given to the
battery to become atom.
Electrolysis and Salt Page 1
, CHEMISTRY
Friday, December 2, 2022 7:02 PM
► Electrolysis of molten compound
• Molten electrolyte so only two ions so the positive ion gets
discharged and turns neutral at the cathode the negative ion gets
discharged at the Anode.
Half equations :
Molten NaCl
Cathode : Na+ + e- ---> Na
Anode : 2Cl - -- 2e- ----> Cl2
Electrolysis of Aluminum
□ Aluminum is extracted from bauxite which is
aluminium oxide it has a high melting point so to save
the energy we dissolve the oxide in in molten cryolite
which lowers the melting point
□ Cathode : Al3+ + 3e- --> Al
□ Anode : 2O2- -- 4e- ---> O2
□ The anode is made up of carbon so the oxygen reacts with carbon
producing carbon dioxide resulting in decay of Anode so it needs to
be replaced time to time.
□ Uses of Aluminum : Foil , Coin , Aero plane, cans and etc
► Electrolysis of Aqueous Compound
Aqueous solution are cheaper and require less energy compared to
molten but in aqueous solution there will be hydrogen and
hydroxide ions with the compound's ions so in the cathode we will
follow the reactivity series the element more down in the R.S will be
discharged and the anode the ions will follow the order of discharge
series more down will discharge more easily.
Electrolysis and Salt Page 2
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