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Summary AP Biology Photosynthesis $8.49
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Summary AP Biology Photosynthesis

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  • Course
  • AP Biology
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  • Junior / 11th Grade

This file contains eight pages that provide an in-depth overview and ensures a thorough understanding of light-dependent reactions, light-independent reactions, and photorespiration. There is also a profound explanation of the process of CAM, C3, and C4 plants and various diagrams involving the inf...

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  • January 23, 2023
  • 8
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

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  • Junior / 11th grade
  • AP Biology
  • 3

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By: ellabelot • 10 months ago

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Photosynthesis:
Other things to note beforehand:
Note: The mass of a plant comes from carbon fixation Oxidation: Loss of electrons
Reduction: Gain of electrons
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy yields C6H12O6 + 6O2
The Calvin cycle requires a lot of ATP
Humans use NADPH too
The ATP made in photosynthesis is used ONLY for photosynthesis while ATP made in cellular respiration is used for other cellular functions
Plants can do cellular respiration too but animals are unable to do photosynthesis
However, extra sugar made in photosynthesis can be directed towards cellular respiration
Non-cyclic photosynthesis refers to the general or normal photosynthesis using photosystem II and I and the Calvin Cycle
Cyclic photophosphorylation involves only chloroplast photosystem I.
Chloroplast structure:
A chloroplast technically has 3 membranes
The thylakoid membrane is considered the third membrane
Pigments/Chlorophyll/Absorption/etc.:
Green pigment absorbs every color except green which it reflects which is why it appears
green
Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light but reflects green light which it does not absorb very well, giving off the appearance of green Carotenoids are typically in red, orange, or yellow. They are a type of accessory pigment.
Accessory pigments are significant to photosynthesis because they are capable of absorbing any additional light apart from chlorophyll a so the plant can maximize photosynthesis. Whatever color a pigment may appear to be, it means that it reflects that color and does not absorb that color very well, meaning its activity of absorption is relatively low. This is the absorption spectrum of different pigments at different wavelengths of light (colored). The absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a is relatively around red and blue while the absorption is relatively low at green. Take note of how the absorption can reach zero at certain points. Since carotenoids are typically red, orange, or yellow, the absorption is significantly low as shown on the graph since they reflect those colors to make them appear as those colors.

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