My document is about different ways in which workplaces can be made safer for the workers. It outlines all the necessary steps that need to be taken to provide proper ventilations for workers to have access to fresh air more especially in places like the mines. My document is all about occupational...
1.1 Introduction to mechanical ventilation in underground mines
1.2 Explanation of some terms/Additional information
[2] Basic fan engineering
2.1 Axial flow fans
2.2 Centrifugal flow fans
2.3 Mixed-flow fans
2.4 Typical parts/sections of a fan, and associated function
# How are fans powered?
2.5 Video presentations/explanations
2.6 Fan characteristics
2.7 Basic fan engineering
2.8 General principles and rules of thumb
[3] Matching fans to airways
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Fans in series
3.3 Fans in parallel
3.4 Calculations, fan curve plots, performances, and associated interpretations
3.5 Tutorial and assignments
[4] General comments/Section closure
Caveat/Caution:
▪ The summarized notes herein below are not numbered as outlined above.
▪ By deliberate design, the summarized notes herein are not comprehensive
▪ To extract the best benefits, the summarized notes below must be used in
conjunction with class notes, lecture slides, selected videos, and additional
reading materials
CHAUKE, MAELANI - JULY 2022 1
, [1] Introduction
1.1 Introduction to mechanical ventilation in underground mine
▪ What is mechanical ventilation?
o Mechanical ventilation is the use of mechanical appliances (e.g. fans) to
create a pressure difference in a mine or a section of a mine for ventilating
purposes
o Effected by creating a pressure drop with the use of mechanical equipment
▪ What is ‘fresh air’?
o Air that is directly available from the atmosphere. Commonly, this air does
not contain any airborne pollutants such as gases and dust
o Air that used for breathing purposes within underground working. This air
contain minimal concentrations of airborne pollutants such as gases and dust.
The concentrations are within recognized, acceptable, legal, and/or life-
sustaining limits
▪ What is a ‘primary ventilation system’?
o It is a system that delivers fresh air from surface to the workings of an
underground mine
▪ What is an ‘auxiliary ventilation system’?
o It is a system that is used to direct air in the required quantities to the
individual workings of an underground mine
o A ventilation system whose intake air is not directly from the atmosphere
▪ Where is mechanical ventilation used?
o In either primary or auxiliary ventilation systems
o In both primary and auxiliary ventilation systems
o Wherever there is a need
▪ Air flow is attributable to a difference in pressure. This pressure difference is
commonly called the ‘pressure drop’
▪ In an underground mine, pressure drop is used to overcome the resistance of the
airway through which the air must flow
▪ The relationship between the pressure drop, airway resistance, and volumetric air
flow is given by the Atkinsons formula (refer to equation 1 below)
Pressure drop = P1 – P2 = R Q2 …………………………. Equation 1
CHAUKE, MAELANI - JULY 2022 2
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