Dit document is geschreven om de lessen van de afgelopen periode samen te vatten. Ongeveer 14 lessen gehad, waarvan er 9 in dit document zijn beschreven. De onderwerpen; operationaliseren, spreidingsmaten, kruistabellen, elementaire kansrekening, binomiale verdeling, normaalverdeling, inverse norma...
Deze samenvatting is voor mijzelf geschreven voor het tentamen statistiek in mijn 2 e studie jaar. Inmiddels is
het zo groot geworden dat ik het nuttig vond om het ook met andere mensen te delen. Het is een samenvatting
van de lessen die ik tijdens mijn opleiding heb gevolgd. En aan de hand van deze lessen heb ik oefeningen
moeten maken om de stof beter te begrijpen.
Ik hoop dat jij er iets aan hebt, net zoveel als ik.
pag. 1
, Noëlle Sijbrandij
STATISTIEK
Inhoudsopgave
Les 1. Operationaliseren................................................................................................................................ 4
Verschillende soorten meetniveaus (herhaling)...................................................................................................4
Verschillende centrummaten................................................................................................................................4
Verschillende Centrummaten................................................................................................................................5
Soorten grafieken..................................................................................................................................................5
Richtlijnen voor het maken van grafieken........................................................................................................5
Voorbeelden van grafieken die je gebruikt bij schaalvariabelen......................................................................5
Les 2. Spreidingsmaten.................................................................................................................................. 7
Les 3. Kruistabellen...................................................................................................................................... 12
les 4. Elementaire kansberekening............................................................................................................... 14
Definitie van kans................................................................................................................................................14
Kansberekening: paardenkleur.......................................................................................................................14
Les 5. Binomiale verdeling............................................................................................................................ 17
Permutaties en combinaties...............................................................................................................................17
Voorbeeld: Nakomelingen kleuren.................................................................................................................17
Notatie met machten..........................................................................................................................................17
Binomiale verdeling............................................................................................................................................17
De kansen op alle mogelijke uitkomsten bij elkaar is altijd 1.........................................................................18
Les 7. Normaal verdeling.............................................................................................................................. 20
Welke kansverdeling zit er ‘achter’ de data?......................................................................................................20
Zijn de gegevens “normaal”?..........................................................................................................................20
Les 8. Inverse Normaalverdeling................................................................................................................... 25
Les 9. Betrouwbaarheidsinterval fractie....................................................................................................... 26
Kansen berekenen (vorige week) <-> Schatten...................................................................................................26
Belangrijke aspecten van schatten..................................................................................................................26
Schatten (fractie).............................................................................................................................................26
z – waarde bij betrouwbaarheid 95%.............................................................................................................27
Formules..........................................................................................................................................................27
Bepalen steekproefgrootte (kosten)...............................................................................................................28
Les 10. Betrouwbaarheidsinterval gemiddelde.............................................................................................29
Schatten (gemiddelde)........................................................................................................................................29
T-verdeling.......................................................................................................................................................29
Schatten (gemiddelde)....................................................................................................................................29
Betrouwbaarheid 95% bij t-verdeling.............................................................................................................30
pag. 3
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