College aantekeningen
PSY220: Intro to Social Psychology - University of Toronto - All Lecture Notes
- Vak
- Instelling
PSY220: INTRO TO SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY LECTURE NOTES ALL LECTURES PROF: WILL HUGGON SUMMER SESSION 2020
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 3 van de 55 pagina's
Voorbeeld 3 van de 55 pagina's
In winkelwagen
In winkelwagen
Verkoper
Volgen
shellys.1
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Lecture 1: Intro CHAP 1+9● The power of Social Context:
○ Are you affected by what you see?
■ EX: how do media portrayals affect us?
● Our thoughts?
● Our feelings?
● Our behavior?
● Social Psych and Common Sense:
○ The knew it all along phenomenon
○ How do we distinguish common sense facts and common sense myths?
○ Idea that we’re affected by the stimulus around us and how our brain interprets
that
■ The brain's interpretation is based on our history, our learning and our
conditioning
■ Everyone is raised in the same common env, if we’re from the same place
but it doesn’t mean that we’re all going to see the same situations in the
same way
● History of Social Psychology:
○ Infancy Period: 1880s-1920s
■ Founders of social psych include:
● McDougall, Ross, and Gordon and Frank Allport
○ Social Psych Principles: 1930s-1950s
■ Behavior is a function of the interaction between a person and the
environment
■ What we do depends to a large extent on how we perceive and interpret
the world around us.
■ Social Psych theories should b applied to important, practical issues
■ DAMNNN hitler was a big influence on social psych because social
psychologists were really interested in how evil works and how people can
conform to something we really shouldn’t
○ Confidence and Crisis: 1960s-1970s
■ Milgram (1960)- obedience 2 authority
■ Crisis and Debate:
● Lab Experiments
● Unethical practices?
● Limited generalizability?
○ An Era of Pluralism: 1970s-1990s
, ■ “Crisis” led to a stronger discipline: more rigorous testing
■ Adoption of pluralism:
● Multiple methods of investigation
● “Hot and cold” perspectives
○ If its this then this would happen
○ What you’re primed for is important
● Multicultural perspectives
SCIENTIFIC METHODS OF RESEARCH
● Beginning the Research Process
○ 1. Ask questions
○ 2. Search the Literature
○ 3. Formulate Hypothesis
● Hypotheses and Theories
○ Theory:
■ Is an organized set of principles used to explain an observed phenomena
○ Hypothesis:
■ An explicit, testable prediction about the conditions under which an event
will occur
● Basic and Applied Research:
○ What are the goals of basic research?
■ Basic research is looking at to understand or increase understanding about
human behaviour
■ Often no designed to test specific hypotheses from a specific theory
○ What are the goals of applied research?
■ How something works in the real world and contribute to a solution 4
social problems
■ Ex: how can we persuade ppl to physically distance?
● Conceptual Variables and Operational Definitions
○ Conceptual variables are ABSTRACT
■ An example could be: doing research on happiness but how are you going
to measure that?
■ So we need to operationalize our abstract ideas to see how we can measure
them
○ Construct validity:
■ Used to evaluate the manipulation and measurement of variables
, ■ Do electric shocks really measure aggression?
■ Validity is the idea that we are measuring what we are supposed to be
measuring
○ Measuring variables:
■ Self-reports:
● Element of self-deception when asking people about things
● Element of looking good to society or to you
● Context can get us:
○ Based on the way you word the question:
○ Failure rate vs succession rate
■ Observations:
● Interrater reliability
○ The idea that it measures the same thing/ gets the same
score over and over again
○ But interrater reliability is getting multiple people to score
whatever ur measuring,
■ Have to train people who are measuring so they can
accurately measure the same thing
● Was that a playful push or an aggressive shove?
TYPES OF RESEARCH AGAIN
● Descriptive research
○ Just describing what you see and how variables interact w each other
○ No experimental manipulation, can only see if the variables are linked to each
other
○ No causation, because we didn't personally set up an experiment
○ EX: observational research, archival research and surveys
● Correlational Research
○ Idea of variables moving in a tangent together
○ How similar are two variables?
○ How well does one variable predict another variable?
○ Correlation Coefficient
■ Positive correlation: up and up
■ Negative correlation: one goes up the other goes down
■ No correlation
○ EX: violent video games cause more aggression?
■ Maybe aggressive people like to play violent video games
■ Maybe you have a more dysfunctional family life that causes you to be
more aggressive and play more violent games
Dit zijn jouw voordelen als je samenvattingen koopt bij Stuvia:
Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews
Studenten hebben al meer dan 850.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet jij zeker dat je de beste keuze maakt!
In een paar klikken geregeld
Geen gedoe — betaal gewoon eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of je Stuvia-tegoed en je bent klaar. Geen abonnement nodig.
Direct to-the-point
Studenten maken samenvattingen voor studenten. Dat betekent: actuele inhoud waar jij écht wat aan hebt. Geen overbodige details!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper shellys.1. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor $10.99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 64670 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 15 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen
Laatst bekeken door jou
Tentamen (uitwerkingen) ·
LCP4809 Assignment 1 (ANSWERS) Semester 1 2024 - DISTINCTION GUARANTEED
Voordeelbundel ·
Wiley Bundled Exams with complete solutions 100% Verified 2024/2025
Tentamen (uitwerkingen) ·
Phlebotomy BOC Specimen Collection 1-100; Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Samenvatting ·
Summary NR 228 Week 1 Exam 1 : Latest (2022) complete Solutions, A+ Work.
Samenvatting ·
Samenvatting welbevinden 2e jaar 1e semester lager onderwijs Hogent
Antwoorden ·
Antwoorden cariologie: ZSO H1: Preventie door middel van fluoride - HF 1
Voordeelbundel ·
NURS6531N PACKAGE DEAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WALDEN UNIVERSITY (VERIFIED)
Tentamen (uitwerkingen) ·
CONGRESS MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS
