ASU Bio 181 Exam 1 with 100% Correct Answers 2023

The association of ribosomes with _____ invaginations would support the _____ theory. - Correct answer-membrane, endomembrane After a cell is pancake shaped in a cell culture dish, the order of events that occurs as a cell walks is? - Correct answer-filapodia, lamellipodia, cell muscle, retraction fiber T/F It is presumed that the peroxisomes evolved in these primitive, proto-eukaryotes to remove oxygen, which was toxic to the primitive cells. - Correct answer-true T/F In an extant prokaryotic cell the outer boundary of life is the capsule. - Correct answer-false T/F When cancer cells are crowded by surrounding cells, the cancer cells become spherical and they can still go through cell division. - Correct answer-true T/F Loss of the cell wall was required for the endomembrane system theory. - Correct answer-true T/F Fluorescence microscopy is form of light microscopy - Correct answer-true T/F Loss of the cell wall is required for the endosymbiotic theory. - Correct answer-true T/F TEM provides a thin, two-dimensional section of the object being studied. - Correct answer-true T/F The sytoskeleton enabled the primitive cell to become motile. - Correct answer-true T/F the ancient earth did not contain much oxygen - Correct answer-true A normal cell is _____ and ____ for growth. - Correct answer-mortal, anchorage dependent T/F Ribosomes bound to some of the membrane invaginations in the endomembrane theory - Correct answer-true T/F the cytoskeleton gave rise to the nuclear envelope - Correct answer-false What limits how big a cell can be? - Correct answer-the surface area to volume ratio T/F DNA in extant prokaryotic cells is circular. - Correct answer-True Why did Motility improved the fitness of these early cells? - Correct answer-it allowed them to move away from predators and towards food T./F the end of the retraction fiber touching the cell culture plate still contains the cell equivalent of super glue. - Correct answer-true T/F the presumed first step in the transition of the primitive, proto-prokaryotic cell into the primitive, proto-eukaryotic cell was the loss of the cell wall. - Correct answer-true 1n order to examine cells which are smaller than can be detected by the human senses what needs to be used ? - Correct answer-technology A cell that is itself an organism must have a minimum of four needs presented in lecture - Correct answer-find food, find shelter, find mate, and reproduce. compared to bacteria which of the cell types below are not responsible for finding food? - Correct answer-lymphocyte, macrophage, and fibroblast T/F In your own mulitcellular body, different cells in your body have a division of labor between them. - Correct answer-true T/F The paramecium swims by way of using a flagella - Correct answer-false T/F A normal cell is anchorage-dependent for growth and mortal - Correct answer-true what limits the paramecium from acquiring more complex functions? - Correct answercannot fit anymore biomachinery into its space comparing a singled cell eukaryotic organism with a multicellular organism such as yourself identify the major difference from the list below. - Correct answer-division of labor in the cell biology what can limit the progress of science - Correct answer-technology T/F a cell that is anchorage-dependent for growth will also exhibit contact inhibiton. - Correct answer-true explain what limits an individual cell from becoming more complex - Correct answerindividual cell have a limit number of biomolecular machines. In a multicellular organism you get a division of labor between different cell types so that the whole can do more than the sum of the parts with similar number of biomolecular machines per cell. T/F the contractile vacuole of the paramecium is possibly an evolutionary of the kidney - Correct answer-true a singled celled eukaryotic organism - Correct answer-has a limited number of biomolecular machines must find food, shelter, a mate and reproduce escape from predators the paramecium discussed in class contained an organelle the contractile vacuole. this is the presumed precursor of the: - Correct answer-kidney T/F in your own multicellular body, cell with functions have different DNA. - Correct answer-False T/F A cancer cell will be anchorage-dependent for growth and immortal - Correct answer-false if something is soluble in water a of hydration forms around it and it is termed. - Correct answer-hydrophilic T/F active transport uses ATP to move components in parallel with their concentration gradient, that is: from a high concentration to a low concentartion - Correct answer-false facilitated diffusion uses a channel to let components move down their concentration gradient. - Correct answer-true T/F a single pass trans-membrane protein that is an alpha helix can make a channel. - Correct answer-false when a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane the contents of the lumen of the vesicle are - Correct answer-ligands that are used in cell communication T/F the ER is contiguous with the golgi apparatus - Correct answer-false amino acids can be largely subdivided into groups. what are the two groups - Correct answer-hydrophobic and hydrophlic what are the orphaned organelles orphaned from? - Correct answer-they are mitochrondria and chloroplast and they orphaned from the endomembrane system what is the difference between a single pass transmembrane protein and a 7 pass transmembrane protein? - Correct answer-single is singular protein that passes once through the bilayer and cannot create ion channel. a 7 passes through the bilayer 7 times creating channels for ion passage. for protein to enter the endoplasmic reticulum as part of the endoplasmic reticulum's lumen or part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane: - Correct answer-a ribosome binds to the mRNA and a short stretch of protein is synthesized that contains a signal sequence. we are made up of ____ percent water - Correct answer-50-70 what is the difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid? - Correct answertriglyceride has 3 fatty acids and phospholipid has 2 T/F the ER is contiguous with the nuclear envelope - Correct answer-true what are the functions of a membrane? - Correct answer-cell protection and controlling cell movement T/F its a simple matter (ie thermodynamically) for vesicle to form from the endoplasmic reticulum. - Correct answer-false is cholesterol good or bad to have in biological membranes - Correct answer-good the plasma membrane gets new lipids from - Correct answer-none of the above consider the geography of cells. Actin filaments are present in the cell's ____ and the microtubules are present in the cell's - Correct answer-cortex T/F chromosomes are made out of Euchromatin - Correct answer-false Where is the histone H1 found? - Correct answer-they are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei T/F the diameter of an intermediate filament is 25 nm. - Correct answer-false T/F the actin filament system is present in the nucleus - Correct answer-false T/F to get into the nucleus a component has to have the correct signal sequence and pass through a nuclear pore. - Correct answer-True which cytoskeleton filament system lines the inside of the nucleus to protect it? - Correct answer-microtublues T/F cilia and microvilli contain a similar number of parallel actin filaments - Correct answer-false T/F naked DNA does not exist in nature of parallel actin filaments - Correct answer-false T/F naked DNA does not exist in Nature but scientists can make naked DNA in a test tube. - Correct answer-true what does the nucleosomal core have in it (ie the basketball like structure on the slides)? - Correct answer-histones T/F molecular motor use ATP as the energy source to power the molecular motor. - Correct answer-true T/F the actin filament system extends outside of the cell - Correct answer-false T/F heterochromatin does not exist in interphase nuclei - Correct answer-false T/F many chemotherapy drugs act by arresting the cell in m phase of the cell cycle. - Correct answer-true T/F gap 1 of the cell cycle represents the time when the cell is doing what its suppose to do as part of its cell type. in other words, that is when a liver cell is doing it function as a liver cell. - Correct answer-true list the three categories of cells in the body with regard to the cell cycle: - Correct answer-1) cells that never go through the cell cycle again once you're born (neurons, muscles) 2) cells that can be induced to go through the cell cycle by injury (liver) 3) cells that are constantly going through the cell cycle. (skin, blood cells, intestine/enterocytes) T/F cytoplasmic signal transduction controls the checkpoints of the cell cycle. - Correct answer-true T/F in your body not all cells go through the cell cycle - Correct answer-true T/F at these checkpoints a cyclin works with a cyclin-dependent kinase (i.e cdk) to regulate the checkpoint. - Correct answer-true T/F cancer can be described as a loss of cell cycle regulation. - Correct answer-true the activation of both MPF and MAPK results in _______ _______ (two words) of the cytoplasm during M-phase. - Correct answer-setting down T/F the synthesis/presence of cyclin is what turns on the Cdk as the Cdk is always present but it is the cyclin that is synthesized and degarded in cycles. - Correct answertrue T/F during mitosis the cytoplasm of the cell is settled down - Correct answer-true the ________ begins to destroyed at the metaphase of the cell cycle causing the chromosomes to begin to_______. - Correct answer-cyclin B1 decondense T/F in the time span of 10 years every cell in your adult body goes through the cell cycle - Correct answer-false