AC1.4 full marks that I used in my controlled assessment and I received an A*. This writeup was marked by my 2 criminology teachers who are also Criminology Examiners.
Examine the Rights of Individuals in Criminal Investigations
Rights of Suspects
Stop and Search:
A stop and account is when a police officer or PCSO stops you and asks you: what are you doing, why
are you in an area, where are you going and what are you carrying. A PCSO must be in uniform but a
police officer does not have to be. The police officer must show you their identity card if they are not
in uniform. The officer does not have the power to force you to stay with them if you are stopped
and asked for your actions.
There are several laws which give powers to officers to stop and search a person or vehicle without
having to arrest them first. Police officers can therefore search people or vehicles under any of the
powers listed below. The ones used most are:
• Code A of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
• Section 23 of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971
• Section 60 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
• Sections 43 and 47A of the Terrorism Act 2000
The police must have good reason to search you, such as being able to link you to reliable, up-to-
date intelligence and information. Officers may not stop you based on your looks, what you are
wearing, or the possibility that you have already committed a crime unless you match the
description of a suspect. Your age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief, sex, or
sexual orientation are all examples of appearance-related characteristics.
The officer will make an effort to get your cooperation in the search, but if necessary, he or she may
use reasonable force. If you're in public, the police may ask you to take off your coat, jacket, or
gloves. Police officers use the abbreviation JOG to recall this (Jacket, Outer Coat and Gloves). Only if
they take you somewhere private would the officer ask you to remove everything you are wearing
for religious reasons, such as a face scarf, veil, or turban, in addition to your outer coat, jacket, and
gloves. An officer of the same sex as you will often perform this, out of sight of any individuals of the
opposite sex.
Searches will normally be carried out close to where you were stopped and you should only be
detained for as long as necessary to carry out the search. Extensive searches must only be carried
out when the circumstances suggest it is necessary.
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