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chapter two:Hypothesis testfor asingle population mean when O is known
Hypothesis testing:is a form ofstatistical concept 2.1The idea behind hypothesis testing
interference. Using information from There two branches ofstatistical inference thatwe stats
gleaned a are main see in
confidence intervals.
sample something to
say about unknown I hypothesis testing and 2.
population parameter. Ahypothesis testi s conducted when wantt o know the answer to question abouta n
you
a
unknown population parameter
Statistical inference:the process using
of info unless
you
have a census
you cannotc alculate the value a
of parameter; you have to
from sample to make conclusions
a aboutunknown make do with statistic.
Population parameters. · In statistical inference, we use a statistic to say something abouta parameter.
status hypothesis or hypothesis no effect:
of Five steps to conducta hypothesis test
quo
1. State the null and alternative hypothesis
Mutuallyexclusive:that both hypothese cannot 2. Calculate the teststatistic
be time at the same time 3 find the p-value or the critical value
11 Use the P.value/critical value to determine whether you rejectthe null hypothesis
collectivelyexhaustive hypothesis 3 contextofthe
together both conclude the original research Question
cover all possible values of the population para-
meter. Concept 2.2 The null and alternative hypothese
The alternative hypothesis (sometimes called the research hypothesis) is usuallythe statement
thatt he experimeter wishes to show
The null hypothesis is the opposite of the alternative hypothesis
Concept 2.2.1 Properties ofnull and alternative hypothesis
There are two main properties of roll and alternative hypothes:
-
The null and alternative hypothese are mutuallyexclusive and collectively
exhaustive
Concept 2.2.2 more examples n ull
of and alternative hypothese
The null and alternative hypothese are opposites;
The equality always belong in No, never in Ha
The roll and alternative hypothesis is whatwe want to demonstrate (the
thing we are
trying to showl
The hypotheses are always stated in terms of Parameter (like (v), never in term statistic
of
(like i)
↳ can calculate statistic exactly, you never have to at whatthe value
you a
guess
could be. You calculate it based on
your sample
↳y means there is never any need to testw hat value itcould be (or whatrange of
values it could take on
The null hypothesis is assumed to be time l eastthe
at outsetof the experiment
Its the experimenter responsibilityto gather evidence from the sample, and the interpretwhether
there is sufficientevidence to reject the wall hypothesis
the well and alternative hypothesis are formed, we need a
way to express the amount ofevidence
gathered
from the sample
↓
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