Theorie 1: Perspectieven op Geschiedenis (LGX289B05)
Summary
Samenvatting van de hoorcolleges en artikelen voor Theorie 1: perspectieven op geschiedenis
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Course
Theorie 1: Perspectieven op Geschiedenis (LGX289B05)
Institution
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
Hoorcolleges en artikelen ingedeeld in de 4 perspectieven achter de theorie van de geschiedenis:
1. Herinneringsperspectieven
2. Geografische perspectieven
3. Sociale wetenschapsperspectieven
4. Hermeneutiek
1. SOCIALE WETENSCHAPSPERSPECTIEVEN ........................................................................................... 7
DE RUSSISCHE REVOLUTIE IN DE SOCIALE WETENSCHAPPEN ................................................................................ 7
STRUCTURELE VS. CONJUNCTURELE FACTOREN .................................................................................................. 8
DE RUSSISCHE REVOLUTIE ALS EEN SOCIAAL EXPERIMENT .................................................................................... 8
2. MEMORY PERSPECTIVES .............................................................................................................. 8
KOUDE OORLOG (1947-1991) ...................................................................................................................... 8
DE SOVIET-MYTHE ........................................................................................................................................ 8
3. GEOGRAFISCHE PERSPECTIEVEN (DE WERELDLIJKE GESCHIEDENIS VAN 1917) ............................................ 9
TRANSNATIONAAL SOCIAAL VELD ..................................................................................................................... 9
DE GLOBALE DIMENSIES VAN DE OKTOBERREVOLUTIE ......................................................................................... 9
4. HERMENEUTIEK ......................................................................................................................... 9
HERMENEUTIEK ............................................................................................................................................ 9
DE RUSSISCHE REVOLUTIE (BRON: FOTO) ........................................................................................................ 10
HOORCOLLEGE 1.2: MEMORY PERSPECTIVES TO HISTORY ........................................................... 11
1. ‘MEMORY’ ZOALS HET WORDT HERINNERD NA EEN GEBEURTENIS. HOE ‘MEMORY’ EN GESCHIEDENIS MET ELKAAR
VERBONDEN ZIJN ............................................................................................................................ 11
HOE WERKT HERINNERING? .......................................................................................................................... 11
3 HOOFDTYPES VAN HERINNERING ................................................................................................................. 11
DUS: HOE WERKT HERINNERING? .................................................................................................................. 12
2. INDIVIDUELE HERINNERING/IDENTITEIT EN COLLECTIEVE HERINNERING .................................................. 12
HALBWACHS (1877-1945) ...................................................................................................................... 12
VERSCHILLENDE TYPE/DEFINITIES VAN COLLECTIEVE HERINNERING ...................................................................... 12
HOE RELATEERT HERINNERING AAN GESCHIEDENIS?................................................................................. 13
GESCHIEDENIS ............................................................................................................................................ 13
HERINNERING............................................................................................................................................. 13
CONCLUDEREND ............................................................................................................................. 13
HOORCOLLEGE 2.1: MEMORY AND SPACE ................................................................................... 15
1. MEMORY AND SPACE................................................................................................................ 15
KLASSIEKE HERINNERINGSTECHNIEKEN............................................................................................................ 15
YATES ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
WALTER BENJAMIN (1938) ..................................................................................................................... 15
IMPLICATIES VOOR HISTORICI? ...................................................................................................................... 15
VANAF 1980 TOT NU: ................................................................................................................................. 15
2. COLLECTIVE MEMORY AND SPACE ................................................................................................ 16
MAURICE HALBWACHS........................................................................................................................... 16
PIERRE NORA .......................................................................................................................................... 16
GORDON-REED ....................................................................................................................................... 16
HALBWACHS ........................................................................................................................................... 16
,CONNERTON........................................................................................................................................... 16
3. COLLECTIVE MEMORY AND CITIES ................................................................................................. 16
ROSSI ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
STEDELIJKE HERINNERINGSPLAATSEN .............................................................................................................. 17
ANDERSON ............................................................................................................................................. 17
SHARON MACDONALD ........................................................................................................................... 17
HET VERBAND TUSSEN HERINNERINGEN EN STEDEN .......................................................................................... 17
1. MEMORY WARS TUSSEN NATIES .................................................................................................. 18
CHINA EN JAPAN ......................................................................................................................................... 18
2. MEMORY WARS WITHIN NATIONS ................................................................................................ 19
ITALIË EN WO1 (1915-1918) ..................................................................................................................... 19
ITALIË (1918-1922) ................................................................................................................................... 19
DEGENEN DIE AAN DE MACHT ZIJN BESLISSEN WAT ER WORDT HERINNERD ........................................................... 19
VOORBEELD: TENTOONSTELLING SMITHSONIAN MUSEUM WASHINGTON ............................................................ 19
3. MEMORY WARS EN INDIVIDUEN .................................................................................................. 20
VOORBEELD: JAPANSE POLITICUS OTA MASAHIDE (1925-2017) ....................................................................... 20
ZIJN VERDEELDE HERINNERINGEN GOED OF SLECHT? ......................................................................................... 20
VEEL HERINNERINGEN… MAAR 1 GESCHIEDENIS? ............................................................................................. 20
VERDEELDE GESCHIEDENISSEN: GOED OF SLECHT? ............................................................................................ 20
WAAROM IS HERINNERING EEN AMBIGUE BRON VOOR HET BESTUDEREN VAN DE GESCHIEDENIS ?............................. 20
CONCLUSIES: .............................................................................................................................................. 21
DAVID HARVEY ....................................................................................................................................... 22
TRIGGERS VOOR DE ‘SPATIAL TURN’ IN DE GESCHIEDENIS: .................................................................................. 22
1. WERELDGESCHIEDENIS .............................................................................................................. 22
WILLIAM MCNEILL .................................................................................................................................. 22
NIALL FERGUSON .................................................................................................................................... 22
DE MEDITERRANE WERELD ALS EEN KLEINE ‘WERELD’: FERDINAND BRAUDEL ................................................... 23
HET THEORETISEREN VAN EEN ‘WERELDSYSTEEM’: IMMANUEL WALLERSTEIN................................................. 23
VERBETERINGEN BINNEN OPVATTINGEN OVER EEN WERELDSYSTEEM: JANET ABU-LUGHOD) ............................... 23
2. GLOBALE GESCHIEDENIS (MONDIALE GESCHIEDENIS) ......................................................................... 23
VOORBEELD 1: HET CONCEPT RAS .................................................................................................................. 23
HOWARD WINANT ................................................................................................................................. 23
VOORBEELD 2: VERANDERENDE PERSPECTIEVEN OP MENSENRECHTEN ................................................................. 24
WERELDGESCHIEDENIS =.............................................................................................................................. 24
GLOBALE (MONDIALE) GESCHIEDENIS = .......................................................................................................... 24
1. VOORBIJ ANTROPOCENTRISME: HISTORISCHE VERWIKKELINGEN TUSSEN MENSELIJK EN NIET-MENSELIJK LEVEN 25
PADDENSTOELEN ALS WERELDBOUWERS ......................................................................................................... 25
INSECTEN EN HET MODERNE RIJK ................................................................................................................... 26
2. GESCHIEDENIS SCHRIJVEN VAN/IN HET ANTROPOCEEN ...................................................................... 26
3 HISTORISCHE MODELLEN............................................................................................................................ 27
HOE VERANDERT DIT DE MANIER WAAROP WE GESCHIEDENIS SCHRIJVEN? ............................................................ 27
,KRITIEK OP HET CONCEPT ANTROPOCEEN: ....................................................................................................... 27
3. “DE PLANEET” ALS CONCEPT VOOR HISTORICI (CHAKRABARTY)........................................................ 28
CHAKRABARTY ........................................................................................................................................ 28
GLOBAL HISTORY =...................................................................................................................................... 28
PLANETARY HISTORY = ................................................................................................................................. 28
1. WAT IS POSTKOLONIALE KRITIEK? ................................................................................................ 29
YOUNG.................................................................................................................................................... 29
2. HET OOSTEN EN HET WESTEN: DE ‘ORIËNT’ ALS EEN VERBEELDE RUIMTE ................................................ 29
EDWARD SAID......................................................................................................................................... 29
HET ORIËNTALISME ..................................................................................................................................... 29
3. SUBALTERNE STUDIES ............................................................................................................... 30
RANAJIT GUHA (1982) ............................................................................................................................ 30
WAT IS HET PROBLEEM? .............................................................................................................................. 30
WAT LEREN WE HIERVAN?............................................................................................................................ 30
4. GESCHIEDENIS EN KOLONIAAL TRAUMA: FRANTS FANON................................................................ 30
POSTKOLONIALISME EN PLANETAIRE GESCHIEDENIS .......................................................................................... 30
5. CONCLUSIE OVER DE GEOGRAFISCHE PERSPECTIEVEN......................................................................... 31
GLOBAL HISTORY: ....................................................................................................................................... 31
MICROHISTORY: ......................................................................................................................................... 31
TONIO ANDRADE .................................................................................................................................... 31
1. INTRODUCTIE: DE SOCIALE WETENSCHAPPEN EN GESCHIEDENIS............................................................ 32
METHODOLOGIE EN CONCEPTEN ................................................................................................................... 32
WEBER .................................................................................................................................................... 32
WORSTER................................................................................................................................................ 32
SOCIALE WETENSCHAPPEN-GESCHIEDENISBENADERING ..................................................................................... 32
CAVEAT ................................................................................................................................................... 33
GESCHIEDENIS EN DE SOCIALE WETENSCHAPPEN .............................................................................................. 33
EMPIRISCH IN DE NATUUR: ........................................................................................................................... 33
2. ADAM SMITH EN ECONOMISCHE ACTOREN .................................................................................. 33
ADAM SMITH .......................................................................................................................................... 33
BOEK VAN ADAM SMITH: THE WEALTH OF NATIONS ........................................................................................ 33
DUS: WAT DRIJFT GESCHIEDENIS? .................................................................................................................. 33
THE WEALTH OF NATIONS: BOEK 3, HOOFDTUK 1 ........................................................................................... 34
3. THOMAS MALTHUS EN DEMOGRAFIEËN .................................................................................... 34
DEMOGRAFISCHE EN KWANTITATIEVE METHODES ............................................................................................. 34
HISTORISCHE CONTEXT: ............................................................................................................................... 34
HET DEMOGRAFISCHE TRANSITIEMODEL ......................................................................................................... 35
MODERNISERING ........................................................................................................................................ 35
ELLIOT EN MENDELSOHN ........................................................................................................................ 35
MALTHUS OVER MODERNISERING:................................................................................................................. 35
ONDERZOEKSPLAN ...................................................................................................................................... 35
POSTULATA: AXIOMA’S ................................................................................................................................ 35
MALTHUS’ GROTE ZORG:.............................................................................................................................. 36
, MALTHUSIAANS EQUILIBRIUM ....................................................................................................................... 36
NIEUW TYPE GESCHIEDSCHRIJVING ................................................................................................................. 36
CONCLUSIE OVER MALTHUS: ........................................................................................................................ 36
ESTER BOSERUP (1910-1999) ................................................................................................................. 36
LIVI-BACCI EN DEMOGRAFISCHE GESCHIEDENIS .............................................................................................. 36
4. MAX WEBER EN DE PROTESTANTSE ETHIEK .................................................................................. 37
ONDERZOEKSVRAAG: WAAROM ZIJN PROTESTANTEN SUCCESVOLLER IN KAPITALISTISCHE SAMENLEVINGEN DAN
KATHOLIEKEN? ........................................................................................................................................... 37
WEBER EN DE SOCIALE WETENSCHAPPEN ........................................................................................................ 37
ELEMENTEN VAN HET WESTERSE KAPITALISME ................................................................................................. 37
WEBERS ARGUMENTEN:............................................................................................................................... 37
WEBERS METHODOLOGIE/ARGUMENTATIE: .................................................................................................... 38
IDEAALTYPEN EN DEKKINGSWET..................................................................................................................... 38
RECENTE VISIE OP DE WEBER-HYPOTHESE: ...................................................................................................... 38
5. CONCLUSIES ........................................................................................................................... 38
HOORCOLLEGE 5.1: SOCIAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES 2: DE NIEUWE ECONOMISCHE GESCHIEDENIS 39
1. HET GEBRUIK VAN CONCEPTEN – DE VRIES EN VAN DER WOUDE ......................................................... 39
DE OPKOMST VAN DE NIEUWE ECONOMISCHE GESCHIEDENIS ............................................................................. 39
NORTS EN WEINGAST (2000) .................................................................................................................. 39
JAN DE VRIES & AD VAN DER WOUDE .................................................................................................... 39
HISTORIOGRAFIE ......................................................................................................................................... 39
DE EERSTE MODERNE ECONOMIE ................................................................................................................... 40
EEN "MODERNE" ECONOMIE HEEFT: .............................................................................................................. 40
DE NEDERLANDSE GOUDEN EEUW ................................................................................................................ 41
FUNCTIE VAN EEN STAPELMARKT ................................................................................................................... 41
2. HET GEBRUIK VAN DATA – HISTORISCHE ANTROPOMETRIE (EN ANDERE INDICATOREN) .............................. 41
FOGEL ..................................................................................................................................................... 41
WAAROM ZOUDEN WE LENGTE ONDERZOEKEN, HET IS TOCH GENETISCH? ............................................................ 41
HET MENSELIJKE GROEIPROFIEL ..................................................................................................................... 42
SCHEMA TECHNO FYSIEKE EVOLUTIE: .............................................................................................................. 42
3. CONCLUSIE ............................................................................................................................. 43
HOORCOLLEGE 5.2: SOCIAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES 3: DE NIEUWE SOCIALE GESCHIEDENIS .......... 44
1. INTRODUCTIE OP DE NIEUWE SOCIALE GESCHIEDENIS......................................................................... 44
WAT IS DE NIEUWE SOCIALE GESCHIEDENIS?.................................................................................................... 44
2. GESLACHT EN DE NIEUWE SOCIALE GESCHIEDENIS ............................................................................. 44
VOORBEELD: WERK VAN KATHLEEN CANNING ............................................................................................ 44
TALEN VAN ARBEID EN GESLACHT................................................................................................................... 45
HET LICHAAM EN GESLACHTSGESCHIEDENIS (GENDER HISTORY) .......................................................................... 45
CANNING ................................................................................................................................................ 45
3. DE NIEUWE SOCIALE GESCHIEDENIS – AGENCY EN VERZET ................................................................... 46
REIS ......................................................................................................................................................... 46
BRAZILIË IN DE 19DE EEUW ............................................................................................................................ 46
“DE REVOLUTIE VAN DE GANHADORES”: STEDELIJKE ARBEID, ETNICITEIT EN DE AFRIKAANSE OPSTAND VAN 1857 IN
BAHIA, BRAZILIË ......................................................................................................................................... 46
CHARLES TILLY ........................................................................................................................................ 47
REIS EN SOCIALE GESCHIEDENIS ..................................................................................................................... 47
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