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NR 507 Mid term weeks 1-4 patho

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term weeks 1-4 What is the most abundant class of plasma protein? Globulin Albumin Clotting factors Complement proteins Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the most abundant plasma protein. Carcinoma in situ ...

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  • January 31, 2023
  • 36
  • 2022/2023
  • Exam (elaborations)
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Mid term weeks 1-4

Question 1
pts
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?



Globulin




Albumin




Clotting factors




Complement proteins

Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of
about 4 g/dl) is the most abundant plasma protein.


IncorrectQuestion 2
pts
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by which changes?



Cells have broken through the local basement membrane.




Cells have invaded immediate surrounding tissue.




Cells remain localized in the glandular or squamous cells.

,Cellular and tissue alterations indicate dysplasia.

Carcinoma in situ (CIS) refers to preinvasive epithelial malignant tumors of
glandular or squamous cell origin. These early stage cancers are localized
to the epithelium and have not broken through the local basement
membrane or invaded the surrounding tissue. Dysplasia refers to changes
in mature cell structure.


Question 3
pts
Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable
diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?



Ligase chain reaction (LCR)




Gram-stain technique




Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)




DNA testing

Microscopic evaluation of Gram-stained slides of clinical specimens is
deemed positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae if gram-negative diplococci with
the typical “kidney bean” morphologic appearance are found inside
polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Such a finding is considered adequate for
the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man. The other
options are not relevant to the diagnosis of this condition.


Question 4
pts
The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?

,Ovarian




Uterine




Cervical




Vaginal

The Pap test, an examination of cervical epithelial scrapings, readily detects
early oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV)infection. The Pap test is not
used for screening the other cancer sites listed.


IncorrectQuestion 5
pts
Causes of hyperkalemia include:



Hyperparathyroidism and malnutrition




Vomiting and diarrhea




Renal failure and Addison disease




Hyperaldosteronism and Cushing disease

Hyperkalemia should be investigated when a history of renal disease,
massive trauma, insulin deficiency, Addison disease, use of potassium salt
substitutes, or metabolic acidosis exists. The other options are not known
to be causes of hyperkalemia.

, Question 6
pts
What is the major concern regarding the treatment of gonococci infections?



Development of antibiotic resistance




Changes in virulence




Changes in pathogenicity




Mutations into different strains

Several types of drug-resistant strains have been identified; they are
penicillinase- producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG), which is resistant to
penicillin; tetracycline- resistant N. gonorrhoeae (TRNG), which is resistant to
tetracycline; chromosomal control of mechanisms of resistance of N.
gonorrhoeae (CMRNG), which is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; and
increasingly a fluoroquinolone-resistant N.
gonorrhoeae (QRNG). The other options are not major concerns.


Question 7
pts
Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):



Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens




Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person

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