Globalisering: Economische en Sociale Geschiedenis (LGX049P05)
Institution
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
Book
Globalization in World History
Uitgebreide en volledige samenvatting van alle hoofdstukken van het handboek 'Globalization in World History' van Stearns. Samenvatting is gemaakt voor het vak Globalisering in blok 1 aan de RUG, opleiding Geschiedenis in het jaar 2022/2023.
1 Hoofdstuk 1 – Globalization and the Challenge to Historical Analysis...........................................................7
2 Hoofdstuk 2: Emerging Pattern of Contact, 1200 BCE-1000 CE: A Preparatory phase..................................10
3 Hoofdstuk 3 – 1000 CE as Turning Point: The Birth of Globalisation?..........................................................16
3.1 Arabs as Trans-regional leaders...................................................................................................................17
3.2 New technology............................................................................................................................................19
3.3 New routes...................................................................................................................................................20
3.4 Impacts.........................................................................................................................................................21
3.4.1 The peace of Exhance...........................................................................................................................21
3.4.2 Techniques and Tastes..........................................................................................................................21
3.4.3 Concepts and Cultural Imitations.........................................................................................................22
3.4.4 The Travelers and Expanded Interregional Knowledge........................................................................22
3.5 Regionale Patterns.......................................................................................................................................23
3.6 1000 CE and the Stages of Globalization.....................................................................................................24
3.6.1 Conclusie + mening Stearn...................................................................................................................24
4 Hoofdstuk 4 – Transistion: The Mongol Period...........................................................................................26
5 Hoofdstuk 5 – 1500 as Turning Point: The Birth of Globalization?...............................................................29
5.1 Technology...................................................................................................................................................30
5.2 Global inclusion: The Americas and Pacific Oceania....................................................................................31
5.3 Global Consequences: Trade, Diseases, Migrations, Food and Environment..............................................32
5.3.1 Trade.....................................................................................................................................................32
5.3.2 Disease and Migration..........................................................................................................................32
5.3.3 Food......................................................................................................................................................33
5.3.4 Environmental Changes........................................................................................................................33
5.4 Global organizations: The International Trading Compagnies....................................................................33
5.5 Global inequalities and Regional patterns...................................................................................................34
5.6 Continuities in Asia and Africa.....................................................................................................................36
5.7 The Limitations of Early Modern Globalization............................................................................................37
5.8 The Problem of Culture.................................................................................................................................37
5.9 1500 as Turning Point..................................................................................................................................38
6 Hoofdstuk 6 – A Late-Eighteenth Century Transition..................................................................................39
2
, 6.1 Change 1: Toward the New Consumerism...................................................................................................41
6.2 Change 2: Expansion of European Manufacturing Capacity.......................................................................42
6.3 Change 3: New attitudes About the World..................................................................................................43
6.4 Conclusion....................................................................................................................................................43
7 Hoofdstuk 7 – The 1850 as Turning Point: The Birth of Globalization?........................................................45
7.1 New technologies and systems....................................................................................................................45
7.2 Toward Freer Trade and Imperalism............................................................................................................46
7.3 Trade and International Business.................................................................................................................46
7.4 Migration......................................................................................................................................................47
7.5 Tourism.........................................................................................................................................................48
7.6 Food, diseases, Technology Diffusion, and the Environment.......................................................................48
7.6.1 Foods.....................................................................................................................................................48
7.6.2 Epidemics and New Controls................................................................................................................48
7.6.3 Spreading Technologies........................................................................................................................49
7.6.4 Environment.........................................................................................................................................49
7.7 The Emergence of Global Political Institutions.............................................................................................49
7.7.1 The New Institutions and Policies.........................................................................................................50
7.7.2 The Emergence of ‘World Opinion’......................................................................................................50
7.8 Cultural globalization: Some New Steps......................................................................................................51
7.9 Sports as a Lead Item in Globalization.........................................................................................................51
7.10 Movies and Global Popular Culture...........................................................................................................51
7.11 Continuities and Limitations.......................................................................................................................52
7.12 The Rise of Nationalism..............................................................................................................................52
7.13 Regional Patterns.......................................................................................................................................53
7.14 The Late-Nineteenth Century as Crucible...................................................................................................53
8 Hoofdstuk 8 – The Great Retreat, 1914-1945 and a New Transition............................................................55
8.1 The Great War..............................................................................................................................................55
8.2 Ambiguity and Persistence (Dubbelzinnigheid en hardnekkigheid).............................................................56
8.3 Conclusion: Back to Transistion....................................................................................................................57
9 Hoofdstuk 9 – Globalization since the 1940................................................................................................ 58
9.1 The new framework: Technology, Policy and Language..............................................................................58
9.1.1 Technology, transportation, and communication................................................................................59
9.1.2 Policy change........................................................................................................................................59
9.1.3 Language: Global English......................................................................................................................61
9.2 Facets of Globalization: Trade and Inequalities...........................................................................................61
9.3 Migration, Travel, and Global Communities................................................................................................62
9.4 An organizational Revolution? Multinationals and INGO’s.........................................................................63
9.5 Global Politics...............................................................................................................................................64
9.6 Global health................................................................................................................................................65
9.7 Cultural Globalization...................................................................................................................................66
3
, 9.8 A global Youth (jeugd) culture?....................................................................................................................66
9.9 The Global Environment...............................................................................................................................67
9.10 Global Protest.............................................................................................................................................67
9.11 Regional Patterns.......................................................................................................................................67
9.12 Global Accumulations and Innovations......................................................................................................68
10 Hoofdstuk 10 – A New Retreat? Another decade of Disruption................................................................68
10.1 More of the same.......................................................................................................................................69
10.2 A new Globalization Crisis?........................................................................................................................69
10.3 The Rise of Authoritarianism......................................................................................................................70
10.4 New resistance in the West: A resurgence of Nationalism........................................................................70
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