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Sumario Resumen enlaces 4º ESO
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resumen de enlaces de 4º ESO
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RESUMEN FYQ1 REGLA DEL OCTETO
Todos los elementos aspiran a tener en su última capa los mismos electrones que un gas noble (8:
ns2 np6)
2 ENLACE IÓNICO
Metal + No metal
Propiedades
- Sólidos con aspecto de sal
- Puntos fusión y ebullición altos
- Solubles en agua
- No conducen electricidad pero sí cuando están disueltos o fundidos
3 ENLACE COVALENTE
No metal + No metal
Diagrama de Lewis
Representación de como se organizan átomos y electrones en compuesto covalente
Ej: estructura de Lewis del CCl4
ÁTOMOS CONF. ELECTRÓNICA e- EN CAPA VALENCIA CAPACIDAD CV
C 1s2 2s2 2p2 4 8
Cl 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 7x4=28 8x4=32
Tot: 32e-
Tot: 40e-
e- enlazados= capacidad C.V – e- C.V= 40-32= 8 e- (4 enlaces)
e- no enlazados= e- C.V – e- enlazados = 32-8=24 e-
Cl
Cl C Cl
Cl
Propiedades
Covalentes moleculares
- Se organizan en moléculas
- Suelen ser líquidos o gaseosos a temperatura ambiente
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