Summary

Samenvatting Klinische Psychologie - geslaagd 1e zit

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Course
Klinische Psychologie

Institution
Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)

Dit is een samenvatting Klinische Psychologie van Toegepaste Psychologie aan Thomas More Hogeschool Antwerpen. Ik slaagde met deze samenvatting in de 1e zit (14/20). Het bevat alle hoorcolleges en is gemaakt aan de hand van de powerpoints en cursusteksten. Bevat ook zelfstudies.

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Uploaded on February 7, 2023
Number of pages 135
Written in 2022/2023
Type Summary

cognitieve theorie en
inleiding in de klinische psychologie
inleiding psychopathologie
psychoanalytische theorie en therapie
biologisch perspectief en psychofarmacologie
leertheorie en gedragstherapie

Institution
Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)
Education
Bachelor Toegepaste Psychologie
Course
Klinische Psychologie

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Samenvattingen Psychodiagnostiek 2, School - en Pedagogische Psychologie, Werk & Welzijn en Klinische Psychologie - alles geslaagd 1e zit

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1. Summary - Samenvatting klinische psychologie - geslaagd 1e zit
2. Summary - Samenvatting werk & welzijn - geslaagd 1e zit
3. Summary - Samenvatting school - en pedagogische psychologie - geslaagd 1e zit
4. Summary - Samenvatting psychodiagnostiek 2 - geslaagd 1e zit
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Inhoudsopgave Klinische Psychologie
1. Inleiding in de klinische psychologie........................................................................................................... 7
1.1. De term ‘klinisch’......................................................................................................................................7
1.2. Definitie.........................................................................................................................................................7
1.3. Normaal of abnormaal..................................................................................................................................7
1.3.1. Wat is afwijkend?..................................................................................................................................7
1.3.2. Definitie psychische stoornis – DSM......................................................................................................8
1.4. Modellen........................................................................................................................................................8
1.4.1. Statistisch model....................................................................................................................................8
1.4.2. Medisch model......................................................................................................................................8
1.4.3. Leermodel..............................................................................................................................................9
1.5. Populatie.......................................................................................................................................................9
1.5.1. Epidemiologisch onderzoek...................................................................................................................9
1.5.2. Prevalentie psychische stoornissen.......................................................................................................9

2. Inleiding psychopathologie....................................................................................................................... 10
2.1. Inleiding psychopathologie.........................................................................................................................10
2.1.1. Omschrijving en situering....................................................................................................................10
2.1.2. Normaliteit versus pathologie.............................................................................................................10
2.1.3. Begrippen.............................................................................................................................................10
2.2. Classificatie..................................................................................................................................................11
2.2.1. Betekenis van classificatie...................................................................................................................11
2.2.2. DSM & ICD...........................................................................................................................................12
2.3. Kenmerken DSM..........................................................................................................................................12
2.3.1. DSM-5 categorieën psychische stoornissen........................................................................................13
2.3.2. Belangrijke veranderingen in DSM-5...................................................................................................13
2.3.3. DSM-5 blijft bron van controverse......................................................................................................13
2.3.4. Opbouw DSM-5...................................................................................................................................14
2.4. Diagnostiek – beoordelingsmethoden........................................................................................................15
2.4.1. Diagnostiek – klinisch interview..........................................................................................................15
2.4.2. Diagnostiek – psychologische tests.....................................................................................................16
2.4.3. Diagnostiek – neuropsychologische tests............................................................................................16
2.4.4. Diagnostiek – gedragsbeoordeling......................................................................................................16
2.4.5. Diagnostiek – fysiologische beoordeling.............................................................................................17
2.5. Classificatie van symptomen (zelfstudie)....................................................................................................17
2.5.1. Expressie en motoriek.........................................................................................................................17
2.5.2. Bewustzijn............................................................................................................................................17
2.5.3. Zelfbeleving..........................................................................................................................................17
2.5.4. Waarneming........................................................................................................................................18
2.5.5. Denken en geheugen...........................................................................................................................18
2.5.6. Gevoelens en verlangen......................................................................................................................18

3. Psychoanalytische theorie en therapie..................................................................................................... 20
3.1. Introductie...................................................................................................................................................20
3.2. Psychoanalytische theorie...........................................................................................................................21
3.2.1. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................21
3.2.2. Achtergrond.........................................................................................................................................21
3.2.3. Bewust & onbewust.............................................................................................................................21
3.2.4. Persoonlijkheidstheorie.......................................................................................................................22

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, 3.2.5. Ontwikkelingsfasen..............................................................................................................................22
3.2.6. Afweermechanismen...........................................................................................................................22
3.2.7. Andere grote namen............................................................................................................................23
3.3. Behandeling.................................................................................................................................................24
3.3.1. Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................24
3.3.2. Diagnostiek..........................................................................................................................................25
3.3.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................................26
3.3.4. Effect....................................................................................................................................................27

4. Biologisch perspectief en psychofarmacologie.......................................................................................... 28
4.1. Wat weten we over de hersenen?...............................................................................................................28
4.1.1. Macroscopisch.....................................................................................................................................28
4.1.2. Microscopisch......................................................................................................................................28
4.2. Psychofarmacologie....................................................................................................................................29
4.2.1. Psychofarmacon..................................................................................................................................29
4.2.2. Psychofarmacologie.............................................................................................................................32

5. Leertheorie en gedragstherapie................................................................................................................ 34
5.1. Leertheorie..................................................................................................................................................34
5.1.1. Achtergrond.........................................................................................................................................34
5.1.2. Klassieke conditionering......................................................................................................................34
5.1.3. Operante conditionering.....................................................................................................................36
5.1.4. Sociaal leren.........................................................................................................................................37
5.2. Gedragstherapie..........................................................................................................................................37
5.2.1. Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................37
5.2.2. Diagnostiek..........................................................................................................................................38
5.2.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................................38

6. Cognitieve theorie en therapie................................................................................................................. 41
6.1. Cognitieve theorie.......................................................................................................................................41
6.1.1. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................41
6.1.2. Ellis.......................................................................................................................................................41
6.1.3. Beck......................................................................................................................................................41
6.1.4. Schema’s..............................................................................................................................................42
6.2. Cognitieve therapie.....................................................................................................................................43
6.2.1. Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................43
6.2.2. Diagnostiek..........................................................................................................................................44
6.2.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................................44
6.2.4. Effect....................................................................................................................................................45

7. Ervaringsgerichte theorie en therapie....................................................................................................... 46
7.1. Ervaringsgerichte theorie............................................................................................................................46
7.1.1. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................46
7.1.2. Client-centered theory (Carl Rogers)...................................................................................................46
7.1.3. Maslow: motivatietheorie...................................................................................................................47
7.1.4. Laing.....................................................................................................................................................47
7.1.5. Perls: gestalt-theorie...........................................................................................................................47
7.2. Ervaringsgerichte therapie..........................................................................................................................47
7.2.1. Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................47
7.2.2. Diagnostiek: klassieke cliëntgerichte therapie....................................................................................48
7.2.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................................50
7.2.4. Effectstudies.............................................................................................................................................50

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,8. Systeemtheorie en – therapie................................................................................................................... 51
8.1. Theorie.........................................................................................................................................................51
8.1.1. Algemene systeemtheorie...................................................................................................................51
8.1.2. Communicatietheorie..........................................................................................................................52
8.1.3. Structurele benadering........................................................................................................................54
8.1.4. Contextuele benadering......................................................................................................................55
8.2. Systeemtherapie..........................................................................................................................................56
8.2.1. Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................56
8.2.2. Diagnostiek..........................................................................................................................................57
8.2.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................................57
8.2.4. Effect....................................................................................................................................................59
8.3. Sociaal perspectief......................................................................................................................................59
8.4. Biopsychosociaal perspectief......................................................................................................................60

9. Gedragsproblemen en verslaving............................................................................................................. 61
9.1. Gedragsproblemen – en stoornissen...........................................................................................................61
9.1.1. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................61
9.1.2. Normoverschrijdend-gedragsstoornis.................................................................................................62
9.1.3. Oppositionele-opstandige gedragsstoornis (ODD)..............................................................................63
9.1.4. Oorzaken gedragsproblemen..............................................................................................................64
9.1.5. Behandeling.........................................................................................................................................64
9.1.6. Prognose..............................................................................................................................................65
9.2. Gedragsverslaving.......................................................................................................................................65
9.2.1. Inleiding...............................................................................................................................................65
9.2.2. Definitie internetgamingsstoornis.......................................................................................................66
9.2.3. DSM-5 criteria internetgamingstoornis...............................................................................................66
9.2.4. Prevalentie...........................................................................................................................................66
9.2.5. Gamen: waarom zo aantrekkelijk?......................................................................................................66
9.2.6. Diagnostiek: 3M-model: mens, middel en milieu...............................................................................68
9.2.7. Behandeling gameverslaving...............................................................................................................69

10. Stemmingsstoornissen........................................................................................................................... 72
10.1. Definitie.....................................................................................................................................................72
10.1.1. Depressieve stoornis.........................................................................................................................72
10.1.1. Peristerend depressieve stoornis (dysthymie)..................................................................................73
10.1.2. Specificaties van depressieve stemmingsstoornis............................................................................73
10.1.3. Comorbiditeit bij depressie...............................................................................................................74
10.1.4. Differentiaal diagnostiek....................................................................................................................74
10.1.5. Etiologie: multifactorieel...................................................................................................................74
10.1.6. Pathogenese......................................................................................................................................75
10.2. Premenstruele stemmingsstoornis............................................................................................................75
10.3. Disruptieve stemmingsdisregulatiestoornis..............................................................................................75
10.4. Behandeling...............................................................................................................................................75
10.4.1. Antidepressiva...................................................................................................................................76
10.5. Bipolaire stoornis.......................................................................................................................................76
10.5.1. Behandeling.......................................................................................................................................77
10.6. Suïcide.......................................................................................................................................................77
10.6.1. Fabeljes over suicide..........................................................................................................................77
10.6.2. Euthanasie.........................................................................................................................................77

11. Verlies en (gecompliceerde) rouw.......................................................................................................... 78

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, 11.1. Theorie en diagnostiek..............................................................................................................................78
11.1.1. Wat is rouw?......................................................................................................................................78
11.1.2. Theorieën over rouw.........................................................................................................................78
11.1.3. Prototypische trajecten na verlies of trauma....................................................................................79
11.1.4. Gecompliceerde rouw.......................................................................................................................80
11.1.5. Differentiaaldiagnostiek....................................................................................................................82
11.1.6. Risico – en beschermende factoren..................................................................................................82
11.2. Rouwbegeleiding – en therapie................................................................................................................83
11.2.1. Behandeling vanuit cognitief-gedragstherapeutisch perspectief.....................................................83
11.2.2. Behandeling rouw vanuit systeemperspectief..................................................................................85
11.2.3. Effectstudies......................................................................................................................................87

12. Psychotrauma........................................................................................................................................ 88
12.1. Etiologie.....................................................................................................................................................88
12.2. Diagnostiek PTSS.......................................................................................................................................88
12.2.1. Anamnese..........................................................................................................................................88
12.2.2. Acute stressstoornis..........................................................................................................................88
12.2.3. DSM-5-criteria PTSS...........................................................................................................................89
12.2.4. Risicofactoren....................................................................................................................................90
12.2.5. Bevallingstrauma...............................................................................................................................90
12.3. Behandeling...............................................................................................................................................90
12.3.1. Fases traumaverwerking...................................................................................................................90
12.3.2. Medicamenteus.................................................................................................................................91
12.3.3. Behandelmethoden bij sprake van PTSS...........................................................................................91

13. Angststoornissen.................................................................................................................................... 92
13.1. Angst.........................................................................................................................................................92
13.1.1. Functie...............................................................................................................................................92
13.1.2. Ontwikkeling......................................................................................................................................92
13.1.3. Evolutie angsten................................................................................................................................92
13.2. Angststoornissen.......................................................................................................................................93
13.2.1. Paniekstoornis...................................................................................................................................93
13.2.2. Sociale angststoornis.........................................................................................................................94
13.2.3. Enkelvoudige fobie............................................................................................................................95
13.3. Gegeneraliseerde angststoornis...............................................................................................................95
13.4. OCD............................................................................................................................................................96

14. Somatoforme stoornissen...................................................................................................................... 99
14.1. Somatoforme stoornissen.........................................................................................................................99
14.1.1. Algemeen...........................................................................................................................................99
14.2. Functioneel neurologische symptoomstoornis (conversie).....................................................................100
14.3. Somatische symptoomstoornis...............................................................................................................100
14.4. Nagebootste stoornis (al dan niet opgedrongen)...................................................................................101
14.5. Hypochondrie (ziekteangst stoornis).......................................................................................................102
14.6. Dysmorfofobie.........................................................................................................................................102
14.7. Genderdysforie........................................................................................................................................103
14.8. Chronisch vermoeidheidssyndroom........................................................................................................103

15. Psychose.............................................................................................................................................. 104

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