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Edexcel GCSE Biology Triple Science (H) - Topic 1 2022
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Edexcel GCSE Biology Triple Science (H) - Topic 1 2022 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
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Edexcel GCSE Biology Triple Science (H) - Topic 1 20221. What's the formula for calculating microscope magnification?: eyepiece
lens x objective lens
2. What's the second formula for magnification?: image ÷ real
3. Prokaryotic cell structure: flagellum - for movement
*no nucleus*
chromosomal DNA - one large loop in cytoplasm
plasmids - smaller loop of DNA
4. Eukaryotic cell structure: *have nucleus* and membrane-bound organelles
but plants have extra structures - chloroplasts, cell wall, large permanent vacuole
5. Function of Ribosomes: make new proteins for cells
6. Nucleus: stores DNA and controls cellular activities
7. Cytoplasm: where cellular activities occur and contains organelles
8. Chloroplasts: where photosynthesis occurs and contains chlorophyll (green
pigment) only in plant cells
9. Large permanent vacuole: stores cell sap, supports plant cell and maintains
its turgidity
10. Specialised cells: have a specific function (job) and are adapted to their
function
11. Specialised cells in digestion (small intestine): - have microvilli (adapta-
tion), increases SA, results in increased rate of absorption.
- muscle cells have a lot of mitochondria (adaptation), gives them energy to
squeeze food along
12. Specialised cells in digestion (pancreas): makes enzymes needed for di-
gestion.
enzymes = proteins
so pancreas has a lot of ribosomes (adaptation)
13. Specialised cells in reproduction (sperm cell): - has an acrosome, contains
enzymes which break down eggs cell membrane, allows sperm to b urrow inside
- has a tail for movement
- has a lot of mitochondria, provides energy for tail to move
14. Specialised cells in reproduction (egg cell): - has a jelly coat, protects egg
cell
- cell membrane hardens after fertilisation to prevent more sperm in
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