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KEY OBJECT TO ACHIEVE 7 IN IB BIOLOGY HL

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OXFORD IB STUDY GUIDES




Andrew Allott




Biology
F O R T H E I B D I P LO M A



2014 edition




2

,3
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,Introduction and acknowledgements
th IB Biy P h b phivy vi i y vp hiq i bfi y, b
 hi  spb 2014 . thi b h b h    h  h   h 
i i p  h i vi  i i  ii  y. a hh i  h piip
hp  f h ii h hy  qiy   biy i i i     h h 
iy h yi h  p.  h   h ppii. Biy h
a pi i Hih lv (Hl)  s lv (sl) Biy i h i  b   h 
 v, ii   pi. th pi v  i hy  i pi hi i. th  IB
h  q  i h yb, b ihi  pi Biy     ii h   p
h q  b-pi h b ihy ,  iv  ii i. th  y ppii
 h pi  i.  hi i Biy. ap  h, ivi i 
 iz i i. livi i hh
  tpi 16   pi i  bh Hl  sl.
h biph, ii h,  ip.
  tpi 711  ii pi i y  Hl. H ivii hv ii ip,  ii
  opi ad  b i  Hl  sl, ih x i pi i i  p h biph  i
  Hl, p  y  p  h  -h  biiviy.
 h pi. P  h  h  p, y I  vy   h hp h  h hv iv
 pi i i.  i h ii  hi b. e w  ox
Pi qi  i  h   pi  pi. uiviy P     hp,   Ji th
a  h qi  iv, hh   i hi   py i. I  ib  y i ai
h y b b  f h vi !   wii  hi pp  b i h
gi i iv   i  i  y h h I hv p  i. I  i  i
 ppi  f x. h  h I i  h b   bii  h
, h  ivi  v ivi i 
th h v b   ip  xii i 
hi hbi.
y biy. th  p ppii 




I n tr o d u c tI o n an d ac kn o wle d g e m e n ts iii

, Contents
1 cell BIologY Autosomal genetic diseases 43
Cell theory 1 Sex-linkage 44
Unicellular and multicellular organisms 2 Co-dominance 45
Stem cells 3 Mutation 46
Light microscopes and drawing skills 4 Genes and alleles 47
Electron microscopes and ultrastructure 5 Gene sequencing 48
Prokaryotic cells 6 DNA technology 49
Eukaryotic cells 7 DNA proling 50
Models o membrane structure 8 Genetic modication 51
Membrane structure 9 Cloning 52
Diusion and acilitated diusion 10 Questions  genetics 53
Osmosis 11 4 ecologY
Active transport 12 Modes o nutrition 54
Origins o cells 13 Communities and ecosystems 55
Mitosis 14 Energy fow 56
Cell cycles and cancer 15 Food chains and energy pyramids 57
Questions  cell biology 16 Nutrient cycles 58
2 molecular BIologY Carbon cycle 59
Molecules to metabolism 17 Global warming and the greenhouse eect 60
Water 18 Rising carbon dioxide concentrations 61
Water and lie 19 Questions  ecology 62
Carbohydrates 20 5 eVolutIon and BIodIVersItY
Molecular visualization o polysaccharides 21 Introducing evolution 63
Lipids 22 Further evidence or evolution 64
Lipids and health 23 Natural selection 65
Amino acids and polypeptides 24 Natural selection in action 66
Protein structure and unction 25 Naming and identiying 67
Enzymes 26 Classication o biodiversity 68
Factors aecting enzyme activity 27 Classication o eukaryotes 69
Structure o DNA and RNA 28 Cladistics 70
DNA replication 29 Questions  evolution and biodiversity 71
Transcription and translation 30
6 Human PHYsIologY
The genetic code 31 Digestion 72
Cell respiration 32 Absorption 73
Respirometers 33 The cardiovascular system 74
Photosynthesis 34 The heart 75
Investigating limiting actors 35 Deence against inectious disease 76
Chromatography 36 Antibodies and antibiotics 77
Questions  molecular biology 37 Ventilation 78
3 genetIcs Gas exchange 79
Chromosomes 38 Neurons and synapses 80
Karyograms 39 Nerve impulses 81
Meiosis 40 Regulating blood glucose and body temperature 82
Meiosis and genetic variation 41 Leptin and melatonin 83
Principles o inheritance 42 Reproductive systems 84

iv co n te n ts

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