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Sistema muscular conceptos y básicos y alteraciones
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Resumen que describe las alteraciones del sistema muscular
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5. Tono muscular:Hipotonía - Hipertonía
01 Tono muscular
Conocido como tensión muscular residual o tono. Es
02 Hipotonía
la contracción parcial, pasiva y continua de los tono muscular
músculos. Ayuda a mantener la postura. Este grado anormalmente bajo
de tensión del músculo se da por contracciones
débiles e involuntarias a nivel de sus unidades
motoras así que decimos que el tono muscular
depende de las neuronas del encéfalo y la médula
03 Hipertonía
espinal que excitan a las neuronas motoras del
músculo. Resistencia del músculo a la elongación
pasiva o al estiramiento ; debe ser lo suficientemente tono muscular
alto para contrarrestar la fuerza de gravedad, y lo
suficientemente bajo para permitir un movimiento
anormalmente alto
, Alteraciones del tono muscular
Principios de anatomía y fisiología. Tortora,
Derrickson. 13va edición. Cap. 10 Pág. 350
Hipertonía: Espasticidad
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