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Samenvatting Elektrofonen

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Alles wat je moet weten over de elektrofonen in Algemene muziekwetenschap

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  • February 14, 2023
  • 4
  • 2022/2023
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Elektrofonen

voortgebracht door membraan (luidspreker) dat in trilling wordt gebracht via elektrisch signaal

een schakeling (een samenstel van elektrische componenten zoals schakelaars, weerstanden,
condensatoren, spoelen etc.) waarmee diverse functies kunnen worden uitgevoerd

wekt periodiek signaal op; als dit sinusvormig is (zoals geluidsgolf), dan spreekt men van een
“harmonische oscillator”



Drie grote categorieën

(1) Elektroakoestische instrumenten
- elektrische piano; elektrische gitaar
(2) Elektromechanische instrumenten
- Hammondorgel; Mellotron
(3) Elektronische instrumenten
- Theremin; Ondes Martenot; Synthesizer



Elektro akoestisch
- slechts onderdeel van instrument gebruikt elektriciteit
- akoestische oscillator (bijv. snaar)
- beweging van akoestische oscillator wordt binnen veld van elektromagneet (zoals bijv.
gitaarelement) geplaatst
- in omwinding van magneet ontstaat variabele spanning (synchroon met beweging snaar)
- spanningsveld wordt versterkt en tot klinken gebracht met luidspreker (de elektronische
resonator)
- meeste elektroakoestische instrumenten lijken op hun akoestische voorgangers (piano’s
gitaren, strijksinstrumenten, etc.)



Elektrische piano

- ontwikkeld in jaren ’30 door pianobouwer Bechstein in samenwerking met
elektrotechnisch bedrijf (Siemens & Halske) en Walther Nernst (1864-1941)

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