BIOD 121 (Portage): Module 3 All
Answers Correct
Energy balance Ans- a state when one's energy intake is equivalent to the amount of energy expended
Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through basic body functions + exercise Ansenergy balance
positive energy balance Ans- ...
BIOD 121 (Portage): Module 3 All
Answers Correct
Energy balance Ans- a state when one's energy intake is equivalent to the amount of energy expended
Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned through basic body functions + exercise Ans-
energy balance
positive energy balance Ans- occurs if more calories (energy) are consumed than expended
examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive energy balance state: Ans- pregnancy,
childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts
1 pound in a week is equivalent to : Ans- 500 extra calories a day
Hyperplasia Ans- an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring during periods of growth, such as
adolescence or pregnancy
Hypertrophy Ans- an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in periods of low growth and
maintenance, such as throughout adulthood
Negative energy balance Ans- occurs if fewer calories are consumed than calories expended
Examples of negative energy balance situations: Ans- during illness or trauma, major burn injury,
intentional act such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal
Our sole source of energy intake is from: Ans- food and beverages
Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________, and _________________ Ans-
basal metabolism, the thermic effect of food, and thermogenesis
, Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________ Ans- physical activity (aka exercise)
Two major components of energy expenditure are: Ans- basal metabolic rate and physical activity
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) Ans- the number of calories used by the body while in a fasting state and
accounts for approximately 60-70% of energy expenditure
BMR varies by person based on factors such as: Ans- gender, lean body mass, body size, temperature,
age, nervous system activities, levels of caffeine intake, and tobacco use
BMR males: Ans- 1 kcal/kg/hour
BMR females: Ans- 0.9 kcal/kg/hour
As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we must adjust eating habits to prevent
weight gain. Ans- 1-2 %
Thermic effect of food (TEF) Ans- the energy used for digestion and absorption of food and accounts for
approximately 10% of the calories expended.
larger meals higher in protein result in a higher ________ Ans- thermic effect of food (TEF)
Thermogenesis Ans- the ability to regulate temperature and activities such as fidgeting, maintaining
body posture, and shivering. ( energy burned through this process is very small)
Physical activity Ans- accounts for 15-40% of our energy expenditure
Physical activity factors include: Ans- body size, fitness level, and actual activity to determine how many
calories are expended
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