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Gases Reales
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Incluye la teoría necesaria para realizar el estudio del comportamiento de los gases reales en sistemas cerrados y abiertos.
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COMPORTAMIENTO P.VT GASES. RELACIONES GENERALIIADASComportamientop.V.T gases.
-
Mecanica
-
[quilibria · Gas perfect o
↳cracion de estado
flp, v, +)=o
· Liquid perfecto
peppio: a) h) Modelo de sustancia
-> bas real- Seusara Chando las
-
2°ppio: s |
pressiones seen elevadas.
cilindro- embolo
Suponemes que tenemos un dispositive con un
gas ensuinterior.
Hacemos an experiments a temperature constants.
FUEREAS DE INTERACCION MOLECULAR EN FUNCION DE LA DISTANCIA
Fij
T
Liquidos
& a
y
"OAS a
P
The
Y
g
v= V /m
1 1p, T,V) GASES REALES
x
4 Fluido dense
PC: Punto de maxima presion para ecualse experimenta un cambio defuse de
zona de gas real
gas a
PC
&lice
liquido. Is ecacion the ajusta el models de
gases ideals
a
una
8 (p, v, T) =0 a el models de
gases reales.
y
=>
ona de gas ideal
T #
CTE
(pr:RgT) Imacion de VanderWaals:
IV.b)/p+al=RgT
v
HECHOS EXPERIMENTALES IN TODOSLOS GASTS
11) line Pr=RgT - A presiones bajas los gases se comportan come
gases ideals.
= 8
p
12)
lim Glpr)-vsi)-Volumenresilient
a "P 2P
13 J
-
-
2r2 Gr
J,p, Tc, PC
(n)
lima Vxc20,260c
, AJUSTE DE UN PARAMETRO:FACTOR DE COMPRESIBILIDAD
E pr E FIT,P, gas particular) E= [/T, p, Tc,Pc) EITR T/c, PR P/Pc)
= =
+ =
= en =
RgT E
X
(1) lim E 1 =
N
48
P
1.
TR
0.ei
-b(ERgT)
(2) 27
lim RgTlin
- =
=
p +
02p T
TBOTLE VO (TBOTLE) 8
: =
lim
:
aE j
=
i ·
p=0 GP 1
PR
T10422
AJUSTES DE DOS PARAMETROS
Covolumen
b= (has moleculas occupan volument
Echacioie de Van der Waals:(v.b)(p
+q) RgT
=
> a =Fuerzasbe interaccion molecularla pression queda corregida.
a b son constantes propias decade gas
a
-
a(Tc,Pc)
=
22P
f(T,v.a,b) Recordamos
que:2P =o
Sacamosque
= >
=
P
2V8
c,p, To, P. b b(Tc,Pc)
=
Definimos las variables reducidas:
Nomenclatura:subindice"R'
-
·
presion reducida:PR P/PC =
Calculamos las constantes a"job"en elpunto critica
·
Temperatura reducida:TRTIC pc Rgas Tc
=
.
a
Vc - bv,
Volumen reducido (pseudo reducido):VR "/Xc
· =
2P
= x -
RTc + 2a 0
=
- a spcX,
=
2v
TC
(c b)2 -
Vc3
PR 8TR
Y
Gando p PC S del
I No depende
-
gas
=
=
22p 2RTC 6a 3VR -1VR
>b estudiado.
=8 =8
v
=
; ·
2vz Nc-b12 VCY
TC
ESTADOS CORRESPONDENTES:Aquellos que tienen distintas sustancias cuando tienen dos de las tres variables reducidas iguales.
Sustancia A Sustancia B
PRA =
PA, PRB =
PBz Sides fluids tienen dos de las tres variables reducidas iquales obligatoriaments
la tercer a tambien tiene
TRA
1( TRB TB
que serignal.
= =
, TCB
VRA = VA VRB VB =
VCA Vc
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