Wonderlike opsommings van lewenswetenskap (Biologie) vir graad 12 leerders wat hulle punte 'n hupstoot wil gee. die opsommings bevat die hoofstuk 'Die kode van lewe'. Lekker leer en sterkte!
Die struktuur van ń sel
Sitoplasma: grondstof waarin organelle van sel
gesuspendeer is- laat metaboliese reaksies
plaasvind.
Ribosome:Klein ronde organelle - vrydrywend in die
sitoplasma- Ook in chloroplast en mitochondrion
maar in kleiner getalle- bestaan uit RNS en proteïen
Nukleus (selkern) - beheer sel se aktiwiteite
Nukleus het vier hoofdele:
-Dubbele kernmembraan: omsluit nukleus, bevat
klein porieë wat beweging van stowwe in en uit
nukleus moontlik maak.
-Nukleuplasma (kernplasma): jellie-agtige
vloeistof binne nukleus.
-Nukleolus (kernliggaampie): donker liggaampie,
in nukleoplasme gesuspendeer , vervaardig
ribosome.
-Chromatiennetwerk: in nukleoplasma aangetref ,
bevat DNS wat die chromosome vorm, wat
genetiese kode van persoon/organisme dra.
Funksies: -Chromosome in selkern dra die genetiese materiaal
-Selkern reguleer die struktuur en aktiwiteite van sel.
Nukleïensure
-Nukleïensure : organiese molekules wat die sintese van proteïene in alle lewende selle beheer, deur
genetiese inligting te stoor en oor te dra.
-Monomeer: ń bousteen
Twee soorte nukleïensure in menslike liggaam: DNS (deoksiribosenukleïenstuur) en RNS (ribonukleïenstuur).
Hulle bestaan uit monomere- nukleotiede genoem word.
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