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WGU C785 BIOCHEMISTRY TEST BANK WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2022/2023 UPDATE) GRADED A+

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C785

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C785

WGU C785 BIOCHEMISTRY TEST BANK WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2022/2023 UPDATE) GRADED A+ What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? - (answer)amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group How do you identify the 3 differ...

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Written in 2022/2023
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wgu c785 biochemistry
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WGU C785 BIOCHEMISTRY
What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like? - (answer)amino group (NH2 or

NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group

How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hydrophobic, polar, and charged? -

(answer)Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH.

Charged - end with a charge

what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make? - (answer)ionic,

hydrophobic/non-polar, charged

What are the 4 levels of protein structure? - (answer)Primary - linear structure, Secondary - Folded into

helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain

interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit

What enviormental change breaks each type of bond? - (answer)hydrophobic - temperature change,

ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents

what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration? - (answer)hydrophobic bonds

how do environmental changes affect protein folding? - (answer)Extreme temp can cause hydrogen

bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding

how do mutations affect protein structure? - (answer)Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form

= loses function. May form a different protein.

What is an electron? - (answer)Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding

What is energy: - (answer)Power derived fro chemical interaction

,what are covalent bonds? - (answer)chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons

what is an ionic bond? - (answer)bond between positive and negative

what is a hydrogen bond? - (answer)weak bond between positive and negative

with an amino? - (answer)piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3

what is a carboyxl? - (answer)piece of amino acid, COO or COOH

What is hydrophobic? - (answer)Doesn't like water, end with CH

what is hydrophilic? - (answer)Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH

what is disulfide bond? - (answer)strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.

what are zwitterions? - (answer)amino with positive and negative charges = overall charge of zero

what is a polypeptide - (answer)polymer of amino acids

What is dehydration synthesis? - (answer)Process of forming peptide bonds

what is hydrolysis? - (answer)adding water to destroy bonds

what is an alpha helix? - (answer)twisted secondary structure, formed by hydrogen bonds

what is a beta sheet? - (answer)folded second structure shape, formed by hydrogen bonds

what is denaturation? - (answer)loss of shape duet o interruption of chemical bonds; occurs via extreme

salt, temp, pH

what is aggregation? - (answer)clumping of inner or outer cellular proteins caused by misfolded proteins

leading to diseases such as Alzheimers, ALS, Parkinson's

, how do enzymes catalyze reactions? - (answer)bind with substrates to decrease activation energy

required and decrease reaction rate

how do enzymes affect reaction rate and activation energy? - (answer)decrease activation energy and

decrease reaction rate

what are the 4 steps of the enzymatic cycle? - (answer)enzyme recognizes substrate, substrate attracts

the enzyme; enzyme-substrate complex is formed; enzyme-product complex formed; product is

released, enzyme recycled

how do environmental changes affect enzymes? - (answer)High heat, pH change, high salt

concentration, and reducing agents can cause an enzyme to lose its form/lose function

what is a competitive inhibitor? - (answer)Mimics substrate and takes its place on the active binding site

what is a noncompetitive inhibitor? - (answer)Binds to allosteric site causing active site to change shape

= preventing substrate from binding with enzyme

what molecules increase/build up or decrease given a specific inhibitor? A -> (enzyme 1) -> B -> (enzyme

2) -> C -> (enzyme 3) -> D. Pretend Enzyme 2 is inhibited. - (answer)Inhibitor would cause a build up for

product B, decrease product C. Enzyme 3 and product D would not be created.

what is substrate? - (answer)the substance on which an enzyme acts

what is a product? - (answer)result of a reaction

what is an intermediate? - (answer)products produced in an enzyme pathway before final product

what is an active site? - (answer)location where substrate binds with enzyme

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Exam (elaborations)

WGU C785 BIOCHEMISTRY TEST BANK WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2022/2023 UPDATE) GRADED A+

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