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Zusammenfassung Fach: Chemie für Mediziner; TB1; Kapitel: Bindungen $16.36
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Zusammenfassung Fach: Chemie für Mediziner; TB1; Kapitel: Bindungen

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Im Dokument befinden sich alle Mitschriften und Zusammenfassungen zum Kapitel Bindungen im Fach Chemie für Mediziner. Dieses Fach ist Teil des Themenblocks 1.

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  • February 19, 2023
  • 3
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary
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ionische und metallische Verbindungen

 Edelgaskonfiguration
= vollgefüllte Valenzschale (bei Edelgasen der Fall)
o besonders stabiler Zustand (deshalb gehen Edelgase fast keine Verbindungen
ein)
o wird von allen Elementen (außer Edelgasen) angestrebt


 Teilchen

Teilchen




Elementarteilchen Atome Moleküle



Elemente Verbindungen
Elektronen (e-) (= mehrere (= mehrere
Atome) Moleküle)



Protonen (p+) Ionen
(geladen)

Anionen Kationen
Neutronen (n)
(-) (+)




 ionische Verbindung (Oxidation und Reduktion)
= Verbindung zwischen Metall und Nichtmetall

o Oxidation
= Elektronenabgabe (um Edelgaskonfiguration zu erreichen)
z.B.: Na ( [ Ne ] 3 s1 ) → Na+ ([ Ne ] 3 s0 = [ Ne ] ¿

o Reduktion
= Elektronenaufnahme (um Edelgaskonfiguration zu erreichen)
z.B.: Cl ( [ Ne ] 3 s2 3 p5 ) → Cl- ([ Ne ] 3 s2 3 p6 = [ Ar ] ¿

 Redoxreaktion
Oxidation und Reduktion finden immer zeitgleich statt!
z.B.: Na + Cl ⇆ Na+ + Cl- ⇆ NaCl
Es entstehen negativ geladene Anionen und positiv geladene Kationen, die
sich durch elektrostatische Kräfte anziehen und ein Salz bilden

o Salze
 Bezeichnung

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