All Maternity HESI Questions with complete solutions(scored 100%)

objective signs of ovulation -abundant, thin, clear cervical mucus -spinnbarkeit (egg white stretchiness) of cervical mucus -open cervical os -slight drop in BBT and then a 0.5-1˚F rise -ferning under microscope ovulation occurs how many days before the next menstrual period? 14 00:03 02:01 4 ways to identify gestational age -10 lunar months -9 calendar months -40 weeks -280 days what maternal position provides optimal fetal and placental perfusion -side lying (removes pressure from abdominal vessels) -knee-chest makor discomforts of the first trimester and one suggestion for each -nausea and vomiting: eat crackers upon rising in the morning -fatigue: take planned naps and sleep 7-8 hours/night how do you calculate EDD from LMP count back 3 months from day 1 of LMP and add 7 days (always give February 28 days) at 20 weeks gestation the fundal height would be at the umbilicus at 20 weeks gestation the fetus would weigh approximately 300-400g at 20 weeks gestation the fetus would look like have hair, lanugo, vernix, no subcutaneous fat normal psychosocial responses to pregnancy in the second trimester ambivalence wanes, woman begins to accept pregnancy, pregnancy becomes "real", signs of maternal-fetal bonding occur hemodilution of pregnancy peaks at how many weeks? what happens to Hct? 28-32 weeks; decreases what happens with weight gain during pregnancy? -total weight gain should be 25-35 lbs -average 1 lb/week in 2nd and 3rd trimesters 00:00 02:01 how many calories should a woman add to her diet 300 calories/day how many cups of milk should a woman drink per day 2 cups or 8 ounces FHR can be auscultated by doppler at how many weeks gestation 10-12 schedule of prenatal visits every 4 weeks until 28 weeks, every 2 weeks until 36 weeks, every week until delivery variables associated with high risk pregnancy preeclampsia, DM, cardiac disease, 3 months between pregnancies, 17 and 34 years old, parity 5 how do you diagnose IUGR serial ultrasounds what does BPP determine fetal well-being necessary actions before first trimester ultrasound have patient fill bladder and don't allow them to empty bladder until after lay supine and elevate uterus with splint advantage of CVS over amniocentesis CVS can be done 8-12 weeks while amniocentesis can't be done until 14-16 weeks CVS results come back within a week, so you can terminate pregnancy if indicated why are serum amniotic AFP levels done prenatally elevated AFP may indicate neural tube defects, decreased levels may indicate trisomy 21 what is the most important determinant of fetal maturity for extrauterine survival? L/S ratio should be 2:1 most common complications of amniocentesis spontaneous abortion, fetal injury, infection periodic changes of FHR and causes for each -accelerations: reassuring, require no treatment, caused by burst of sympathetic activity -early decelerations: caused by head compressions, benign, alert nurse to monitor labor progress and fetal descent -variable decelerations: caused by cord compression, change in maternal position should be tried first -late decelerations: caused by uteroplacental insufficiency, should be treated by turning pt on side and administering O2 most important indicator of fetal autonomic nervous system integrity and health FHR variability (15 beats from baseline for 15 seconds after contraction)