CISSP Exam Review. 100% Mastery of concepts. Approved.
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CISSP Exam Review. 100% Mastery of concepts. Approved.
CIA Triangle - -Cornerstone of infosec. Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentiality (CIA Triangle) - -prevention of unauthorized disclosure of information; prevention of unauthorized read access to data
Integrity (CIA Tr...
cissp exam review 100 mastery of concepts approved cia triangle cornerstone of infosec confidentiality
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CISSP Exam Review. 100% Mastery of
concepts. Approved.
CIA Triangle - ✔✔-Cornerstone of infosec. Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
Confidentiality (CIA Triangle) - ✔✔-prevention of unauthorized disclosure of information; prevention of
unauthorized read access to data
Integrity (CIA Triangle) - ✔✔-prevention of unauthorized modification of data; prevention of
unauthorized write access to data
Availability (CIA Triangle) - ✔✔-ensures data is available when needed to authorized users
Opposing forces to CIA - ✔✔-DAD: disclosure, alteration, destruction
identification - ✔✔-the process by which a subject professes an identity and accountability is initiated;
ex: typing a username, swiping a smart card, waving a proximity device (badging in), speaking a phrase,
etc - always a two step process with authenticating
authentication - ✔✔-verification that a person is who they say they are; ex: entering a password or PIN,
biometrics, etc - always a two step process with identifying
authorization - ✔✔-verification of a person's access or privileges to applicable data
auditing (monitoring) - ✔✔-recording a log of the events and activities related to the system and
subjects
accounting (accountability) - ✔✔-reviewing log files to check for compliance and violations in order to
hold subjects accountable for their actions
,non-repudiation - ✔✔-a user cannot deny having performed a specific action
subject - ✔✔-an entity that performs active functions to a system; usually a person, but can also be
script or program designed to perform actions on data
strictly applied in order; exam questions in which multiple canons could be the answer, choose the
highest priority per this order
policy - ✔✔-mandatory high level management directives; components of policy
1. purpose: describes the need for policy
2. scope: what systems, people, facilities, organizations are covered
3. responsibilities: specific duties of involved parties
4. compliance: effectiveness of policy, violations of policy
procedure - ✔✔-low level step by step guide for accomplishing a task
standard - ✔✔-describes the specific use of technology applied to hardware or software; mandatory
guideline - ✔✔-discretionary recommendations (e.g. not mandatory)
,baseline - ✔✔-a uniform way of implementing a standard
3 access/security control categories - ✔✔-1. administrative: implemented by creating org policy,
procedure, regulation. user awareness/training also fall here
2. technical: implemented using hardware, software, firmware that restricts logical access to a system
3. physical: locks, fences, walls, etc
preventive access control
(can be administrative, technical, physical) - ✔✔-prevents actions from occurring by applying restrictions
on what a user can do. example: privilege level
detective access control
(can be administrative, technical, physical) - ✔✔-controls that alert during or after a successful attack;
alarm systems, or closed circuit tv
corrective access control
(can be administrative, technical, physical) - ✔✔-repairing a damaged system; often works hand in hand
with detective controls (e.g. antivirus software)
recovery access control
(can be administrative, technical, physical) - ✔✔-controls to restore a system after an incident has
occurred;
deterrent access control
(can be administrative, technical, physical) - ✔✔-deters users from performing actions on a system
compensating access control
(can be administrative, technical, physical) - ✔✔-additional control used to compensate for weaknesses
in other controls as needed
, risk formula - ✔✔-risk = threat x vulnerability x impact
market approach (for calculating intangible assets) - ✔✔-assumes the fair value of an asset reflects the
price which comparable assets have been purchased in transactions under similar circumstances
income approach (for calculating intangible assets) - ✔✔-the value of an asset is the present value of the
future earning capacity that an asset will generate over the rest of its lifecycle
cost approach (for calculating intangible assets) - ✔✔-estimates the fair value based on cost of
replacement
exposure factor (EF) - ✔✔-percentage of value the asset lost due to incident
single loss expectancy (SLE) - ✔✔-asset value (AV) times exposure factor
AV x EF = SLE
expressed in a dollar value
annual rate of occurrence (ARO) - ✔✔-number of losses suffered per year
annualized loss expectancy (ALE) - ✔✔-yearly cost due to risk
SLE x ARO = ALE
legally defensible security - ✔✔-to obtain legal restitution a company must demonstrate a crime was
committed, suspect committed that crime, and took reasonable efforts to prevent the crime
files are accurate, policy in place, proper authentication, compliance with laws and regulation
layering (defense in depth) - ✔✔-the use of multiple controls in a series (one after another, linearly); no
one control can protect against all possible threats;
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