Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming: Evolution of programming methodologies –
Disadvantages of conventional programming – programming paradigms – key concepts of object –
oriented programming – advantages of OOP – usage of OOP.
Input and output in C++ : Limitations of C – I...
Object Oriented Programming Design CST33 III –Semester
Subject Name: OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING DESIGN
Subject Code: CS T33
2 MARKS AND 11 MARKS FOR ALL UNITS
UNIT I
Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming: Evolution of programming methodologies –
Disadvantages of conventional programming – programming paradigms – key concepts of object –
oriented programming – advantages of OOP – usage of OOP.
Input and output in C++ : Limitations of C – Introduction to C++ – Structure of the C++ program –
stream classes – formatted and unformatted data – unformatted console I/O operations – Bit fields,
Manipulators – Manipulators with multiple parameter
Control structures: Decision making statements – jump statement – switch case statement – looping
statements.
Classes and objects: Defining member functions – rules of inline functions – data hiding or
encapsulation – classes – objects and memory – static object – array of objects – objects as function
arguments, friend functions, member functions and non-member functions – overloading member
functions.
Functions in C++ : Passing arguments – LValues and RValues – return by reference – default arguments
– inline functions – function overloading.
PART A – 2 MARK QUESTIONS
1. What are the main characteristics of OOP language?(May 2007)
,Object Oriented Programming Design CST33 III –Semester
The important characteristics of object oriented programming are as follows:
OOP pays more importance to data than to function.
Programs are divided into classes and their member functions.
New data items and functions can be comfortably added whenever
essential.
Data is private and prevented from accessing external functions
Objects can communicate with each other through functions.
2. What are the basic concepts of OOPS?
The basic concepts of OOPS are,
i. Objects.
ii. Classes.
iii. Data abstraction and Encapsulation.
iv. Inheritance.
v. Polymorphism.
vi. Dynamic binding.
vii. Message passing.
3. Define object.
An object is basic run-time entity in an object-oriented system. They may represent a
person, a place, a bank account, a table of data or any item that the program has to
handle. Each object has the data and code to manipulate the data and theses objects
interact with each other.
4. What is a class?
A class is a collection of objects of similar type. Once a class has been defined, we can
create any number of objects belonging to the class. Class is a user-defined data type and
behaves like built-in types of the programming language.
5. What is an encapsulation? (AUG’2013)*
,Object Oriented Programming Design CST33 III –Semester
Wrapping up of data and function within the structure is called as encapsulation. The
insulation of data from direct access by the program is called as data hiding or
information binding. The data is not accessible to the outside world and only those
functions, which are wrapped in the class, can access it.
6. Write the process of programming in an object oriented language?
The processes of programming in an object-oriented language are,
i. Create classes that define objects and their behavior.
ii. Creating objects from class definition.
iii. Establishing communication among objects.
7. What are Manipulators?
Setw, endl are known as manipulators.
Manipulators are operators that are used to format the display. The endl manipulator
when used in an output statement causes a linefeed to be inserted and its effect is similar
to that of the newline character”\n”.
Eg:
Cout<<setw(5)<<sum<<endl;
8. List any four advantages of OOPS
The advantages of OOPS are,
i. The principle of data hiding helps the programmer to build secure programs that cannot
be invaded by code in other parts of the program.
ii. It is possible to have multiple instances of an object to co-exist without any
interference.
iii. Object oriented programming can be easily upgraded from small to large systems.
iv. Software complexity can be easily managed.
9. What are the features required for object based programming language?
, Object Oriented Programming Design CST33 III –Semester
The features required for object-based programming are,
i. Data encapsulation.
ii. Data hiding and access mechanisms.
iii. Automatic initialization and clear up of objects.
iv. Operator overloading.
10. Give any four applications of the OOPS.
The four applications of OOPS are,
i. Real-time systems.
ii. Simulation and modeling.
iii. Object-oriented databases.
iv. AI and expert systems.
11. How the class is specified?
Generally class specification has two parts. They are,
i. Class declaration - It describes the type and scope of its member
ii. Class function definition - It describes how the class functions are implemented
The general form is:
classclass_name
{
private:
variable declarations;
function declaration;
public:
variable declaration;
function declaration;
};
12. How is the member functions defined?
Member functions can be defined in two ways. They are,
i. Outside the class definition - Member function can be defined by using scope
resolution operator (::).
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