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Familiaal vermogensrecht:
lesnotities
Inhoudsopgave
HC 1: INLEIDING............................................................................................................................................. 4
HC 2: RELATIEVORMEN, RELATIERECHT EN RELATIEVERMOGENSRECHT..........................................................6
RELATIEVORMEN.....................................................................................................................................................6
RELATIERECHT........................................................................................................................................................6
RELATIEVERMOGENSRECHT.....................................................................................................................................14
HC 3: WETTELIJK HUWELIJKSSTELSEL............................................................................................................ 16
WAT IS HET WETTELIJK STELSEL?..............................................................................................................................16
AANWINSTEN?.....................................................................................................................................................16
HET BEGRIP GEMEENSCHAP.....................................................................................................................................17
ESSENTIËLE KENMERKEN VAN EEN GEMEENSCHAP........................................................................................................18
EIGEN VERMOGENS IN EEN GEMEENSCHAPSSTELSEL.....................................................................................................18
WERKING VAN HET WETTELIJK STELSEL......................................................................................................................19
Baten van de gemeenschap...........................................................................................................................19
Baten van het eigen vermogen......................................................................................................................21
Professionele goederen..................................................................................................................................24
Levensverzekeringen......................................................................................................................................25
Bewijs.............................................................................................................................................................27
Schulden.........................................................................................................................................................28
Bestuur...........................................................................................................................................................31
Beschermingsmaatregelen en sancties..........................................................................................................33
HC 4: WETTELIJK HUWELIJKSSTELSEL (VERVOLG + OEFENINGEN)..................................................................35
OEFENINGEN........................................................................................................................................................35
WERKING VAN HET WETTELIJK HUWELIJKSSTELSEL (VERVOLG)........................................................................................38
ONTBINDING HUWELIJKSSTELSEL..............................................................................................................................40
VEREFFENING-VERDELING.......................................................................................................................................41
HC 5: HUWELIJKSOVEREENKOMST - CONVENTIONELE GEMEENSCHAP..........................................................51
HUWELIJKSOVEREENKOMST.....................................................................................................................................51
CONVENTIONELE GEMEENSCHAP..............................................................................................................................53
HC 6: HUWELIJKSVOORDELEN EN SCHEIDING VAN GOEDEREN......................................................................58
HUWELIJKSVOORDELEN..........................................................................................................................................58
SCHEIDING VAN GOEDEREN.....................................................................................................................................60
Scheiding van goederen als huwelijksstelsel..................................................................................................60
Werking van het stelsel van zuivere scheiding van goederen........................................................................61
Wettelijke correcties op de koude uitsluiting.................................................................................................65
Contractuele correcties op de koude uitsluiting.............................................................................................66
Scheiding van goederen met wettelijke verrekening van aanwinsten...........................................................69
Scheiding van goederen met loutere conventionele verrekenbedingen........................................................72
Rechterlijke billijkheidscorrectie.....................................................................................................................73
HC 7: SAMENWONINGSVERMOGENSRECHT................................................................................................. 74
WETTELIJK (VERMOGENSRECHTELIJK) KADER VOOR SAMENWONENDEN............................................................................74
Wettelijke samenwoning................................................................................................................................74
Feitelijke samenwoning..................................................................................................................................74
1
, SAMENWONINGSOVEREENKOMST VOOR SAMENWONERS..............................................................................................75
SCHULDVORDERING TUSSEN SAMENWONERS..............................................................................................................77
OEFENSESSIE 1: HUWELIJKS-EN RELATIEVERMOGENSRECHT.........................................................................80
OEFENINGEN LES 1................................................................................................................................................80
OEFENINGEN LES 2: WETTELIJK STELSEL – WERKING.....................................................................................................81
OEFENINGEN LES 3: HUWELIJKSCONTRACTEN – CONVENTIONELE GEMEENSCHAPSSTELSELS..................................................84
OEFENINGEN LES 5: SVG........................................................................................................................................85
HC 8: ERFRECHT (DEEL I)............................................................................................................................... 89
BASISBEGRIPPEN...................................................................................................................................................89
OPENVALLEN VAN DE NALATENSCHAP.......................................................................................................................89
ERFBEKWAAMHEID...................................................................................................................................... 90
BEGRIP EN VOORWAARDEN.....................................................................................................................................90
VOORWAARDE 1: BESTAAN....................................................................................................................................90
VOORWAARDE 2: OVERLEVINGSVOORWAARDEN.........................................................................................................91
VOORWAARDE 3: UITSLUITING EN VERVAL.................................................................................................................91
VOORWAARDE 4: ONWAARDIGHEID.........................................................................................................................92
WETTELIJK ERFGERECHTIGDEN..................................................................................................................... 93
ORDES................................................................................................................................................................93
LIJNEN, GRADEN, PLAATSVERVULLING........................................................................................................................94
IN DE EERSTE ORDE...............................................................................................................................................98
IN DE TWEEDE ORDE..............................................................................................................................................99
IN DE DERDE EN VIERDE ORDE................................................................................................................................101
KINDERLOOS OVERLEDEN GEADOPTEERDE................................................................................................................105
WETTELIJKE TERUGKEER.......................................................................................................................................105
DE LANGSTLEVENDE ECHTGENOTE............................................................................................................. 106
PLAATS IN DE DEVOLUTIE......................................................................................................................................106
VOORWAARDE VOOR WETTELIJK ERFRECHT..............................................................................................................106
HET ERFRECHT VAN DE LLE...................................................................................................................................107
REGELS VOOR HET VRUCHTGEBRUIK........................................................................................................................108
HC 9: ERFRECHT (DEEL II)............................................................................................................................ 112
DE LANGSTLEVENDE SAMENWONENDE PARTNER (LLP)..............................................................................112
VOORWAARDEN................................................................................................................................................. 112
ERFRECHT VAN DE LLP.........................................................................................................................................112
DE STAAT................................................................................................................................................... 113
ANOMALE ERFOPVOLGERS......................................................................................................................... 113
HOE DE NALATENSCHAP VERKREGEN WORDT............................................................................................ 114
DE SITUATIE VAN DE ERFGERECHTIGDE....................................................................................................................114
DE VERKRIJGING VAN HET BEZIT.............................................................................................................................115
DE OPTIE VAN DE ERFGERECHTIGDE........................................................................................................................116
GEEN KEUZE VOORAF, GEEN ERFOVEREENKOMSTEN?................................................................................119
VERBODEN ERFOVEREENKOMSTEN..........................................................................................................................119
BEDINGEN OVER DE NALATENSCHAP VAN EEN DERDE.................................................................................................120
BEDINGEN OVER DE EIGEN NALATENSCHAP...............................................................................................................121
VERDELING VAN DE NALATENSCHAP.......................................................................................................... 122
BEGRIP VERDELING..............................................................................................................................................122
INBRENG........................................................................................................................................................... 123
MODALITEITEN VAN DE INBRENG...........................................................................................................................126
2
, VRIJSTELLING VAN INBRENG..................................................................................................................................128
BIJKOMENDE REGELS........................................................................................................................................... 129
OEFENSESSIE 2: ERFRECHT.......................................................................................................................... 131
MEERKEUZEVRAGEN............................................................................................................................................131
OPEN VRAGEN....................................................................................................................................................134
HC 10: GIFTEN............................................................................................................................................ 140
WAT IS EEN GIFT?...............................................................................................................................................140
ALGEMENE REGELS VOOR GIFTEN...........................................................................................................................142
Toestemming................................................................................................................................................142
Bekwaamheid om te geven..........................................................................................................................143
BEKWAAMHEID OM TE KRIJGEN.............................................................................................................................145
VOORWERP....................................................................................................................................................... 148
OORZAAK..........................................................................................................................................................148
VOORWAARDEN................................................................................................................................................. 149
SCHENKINGEN............................................................................................................................................ 151
De eigenlijke of rechtstreekse schenking.....................................................................................................151
Schenkingscontract (bij rechtstreekse schenking).......................................................................................152
Nietigheid van de schenkingsakte (bij rechtstreekse schenking).................................................................153
De onherroepelijkheid van de schenking (bij rechtstreekse schenking).......................................................153
Ontbinding van de schenking (bij rechtstreekse schenking)........................................................................155
De handgift...................................................................................................................................................156
Onrechtstreekse schenking..........................................................................................................................157
VERMOMDE SCHENKING.......................................................................................................................................157
LEGATEN.................................................................................................................................................... 158
HET TESTAMENT.................................................................................................................................................158
ESSENTIËLE KENMERKEN.......................................................................................................................................159
EIGENHANDIG TESTAMENT....................................................................................................................................160
AUTHENTIEK TESTAMENT......................................................................................................................................162
TESTAMENT IN INTERNATIONALE VORM...................................................................................................................163
HERROEPING......................................................................................................................................................163
LEGATEN........................................................................................................................................................... 164
BIJZONDERE TESTAMENTAIRE CLAUSULES.................................................................................................................167
ER 3 BIJZONDERE GIFTEN........................................................................................................................... 168
DE GLOBALE ERFOVEREENKOMST.............................................................................................................. 168
HC 11. RESERVE EN BESCHIKBAAR DEEL...................................................................................................... 169
RESERVE........................................................................................................................................................... 169
OMVANG VAN DE RESERVE...................................................................................................................................171
ESSENTIËLE KENMERKEN.......................................................................................................................................171
WERKING VAN DE RESERVE...................................................................................................................................173
DE RESERVE VAN LLE.......................................................................................................................................... 178
OEFENSESSIE 3: ERFRECHT.......................................................................................................................... 183
MEERKEUZEVRAGEN............................................................................................................................................183
OPEN VRAGEN....................................................................................................................................................185
OVERKOEPELENDE CASUS HVR EN ERFRECHT...........................................................................................................187
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