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Samenvatting Infectie en afweer: histologie
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Samenvatting infectie en afweer (deel histologie, gegeven door Jo Van Dorpe)
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Histologie van de lymfoïde organenPrimaire lymfoïde organen: beenmerg (paratrabeculair)
Rood beenmerg
Geel beenmerg
Hematopoiese: pluripotente stamcel multipotente stamcel
- Lymfoïde voorlopercellen
B/T- lymfocyten
- Myeloïde voorlopercellen
Granulocyten/monocyten/RBC/megakaryocyten
- Cytokines/GF
o G-CSF = neupogen = filgrastim
Stroma
- Reticulumcellen
- Reticulinevezels = coll III + extracellulaire matrixcomponenten
- Vetcellen
Vasculaire sinusoïden
- Gedilateerde capillairen
- Discontinu endotheel + bm
Hematopoietische cellen
- Ertythropoiese
o Pro-erythroblast basofiele erythroblast polychromatofiele erythroblast
orthochromatofiele erythroblast reticulocyt erythrocyt
o Afname celvolume en nucl volume (pyknotisch)
o Eu => heterochromatine
o Afname RNA
o Toename hemoglobine
o Organellen verdwijnen
o Erythropoietine
- Granulopoiese: 10-14d
o Myeloblast promyelocyt myelocyt metamyelocyte ( staaf) granulocyt
Neutrofiele
Eosinofiele
Basofiele
o Grote kern + 1-3 nucleolen + basofiel cytoplasma
o Eu => chromatine
o Azurofiele granulen: lysosomen + myeloperoxidase
o G(M)-CSF
o Granulopoietisch compartiment/stapeling mature cellen in beenmerg/circ
populatie/marginerende populatie
- Maturatie monocyten
o Monoblast promonocyt monocyt
o RER + Golgi + vacuoles + azurofiele granules
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, o Direct in bloedbaan
o Weefsels: macrofagen
- Maturatie lymfocyten
o Lymfoblasten in beenmerg
o thymus: T-lymfocyten
o beenmerg: B-lymfocyten
o Sec lymfoïde organen
- Vorming bloedplaatjes
o Megakaryoblast promegakaryocyt megakaryocyt (oiv thrombopoietine)
o Polyploïd (8N => 64N)
o Proplatelets: bloedplaatjes aan sinusoïden
Medische toepassingen
- Aplastische anemie
- MDS: myelodyspastisch syndroom
o Celarm beenmerg
o Pancytopenie
- AML: acute myeloïde leukemie
o Celrijk beenmerg
o Verminderde maturatie
o Pancytopenie
- ALL: acute lymfoblastenleukemie
Primaire lymfoïde organen: thymus
- Endoderm: 3e kieuwzakje
- Lymfo-epitheliaal orgaan
o Epitheelcellen stervormig
o Lymfoïde cellen: thymocyten
- Bw kapsel + septa => lobuli
Cortex
- donker
- cTEC’s: reticualire epitheelcellen
o uitlopers verb via desmosomen
o MHCI/II
o euchromatine
- thymocyten
o TdT pos lymfoblasten
- kernpuinmacrofagen
Medulla
- helder
- mTEC’s: reticulaire epitheelcellen
o uitlopers verb via desmosomen
- thymocyten
o TdT neg kleine lymfocyten (afk van cortex)
- dendritische cellen
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