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Summary CNS histology notes
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Notes on CNS histology
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Nervous tissue One of four basic tissues
Comprised of neurons and neuroglia
o Neurons = basic functional unit
o Neuroglia = provide metabolic and structural support
Neurons
Properties
o Irritability
o Conductivity
Consist of
o Nerve cell body (soma)
o Axon
o One or more dendrites
Multipolar
o Number of processes attached to soma
o Dendrites bring info in
o Single axon neuron
o Most of the neurons in the body
o Motor neurons, sensory, intercommunicating
Bipolar
o One process in, one process out
o Special sense – eye etc
Unipolar
o Technically two processes but look like one
o First order sensory neurons
Receives info from periphery and brins into CNS
Neuroglia of CNS
Astrocytes
o Maintain chemical environment
o Provide nutrients
o Remove excess neurotransmitter
o Contributed to BBB
Microglia
o Engulf microorganisms
o Migrate to areas of nerve cell injury
o WBCs cannot pass BBB
Oligodendrocytes
o Produce myelin sheath around CNS axons
Ependymal cells
o Line ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord
o Form CSF and assist in circulation
Cerebral cortex
6 layers
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