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Summary anatomy
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Summary of 10 pages for the course Medicine at UOM (anatomy)
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What does the superior vermis form?Midline ridge
Where does the inferior vermis lie?
Deep groove between the hemispheres
What does the primary fissure of the cerebellum separate?
Anterior lobe from posterior lobe
What does the posterolateral fissure demarcate?
Flocculus and nodule i.e. flocculonodular node
What matter forms the cerebellar cortex?
Grey
How many cerebellar nuclei are there?
4, bilaterally paired
Where do mossy fibres end?
Granular layer w/granule cells
How many parallel fibres are produced by one granule cell?
2
What neurons provide inhibitory modulation of intracortical circuitry?
Golgi, basket and stellate cells
What type of input is provided by climbing fibres to purkinje cells?
Excitatory
What neurotransmitter is used by purkinje cells?
GABA
What is the main role of the archicerebellum?
Balance
What peduncles are used by the archicerebellum?
Inferior
What is the primary role of the paleocerebellum?
Muscle tone and posture
What is the primary role of the neocerebellum?
Muscular coordination – trajectory, speed and force of movements
What cerebellar peduncle is associated with the neocerebellum?
, Superior
What does the forebrain consist of?
Bilaterally paired diencephalon and cerebral hemisphere on each side
Where is the diencephalon found?
Between brainstem and cerebral hemisphere, rostral part of midbrain
What is the diencephalon composed of from dorsal to ventral?
Epithalamus, thalamus, subthalamus, hypothalamus
What are the three major nuclei associated with the thalamus’ functions?
Nuclei that transmit general and special sensory information to sensory cortices, nuclei that receive
impulses from cerebellum and basal ganglia to interface with motor regions and nuclei that have
connections with associative and limbic areas of the cortex
Where is the tuber cinereum found?
Caudal to optic chiasm
What extends from the apex of the tuber cinereum?
Pituitary stalk
What is found caudal to the tuner cinereum?
Mamillary bodies which house the mammillary nuclei of the hypothalamus
Where is the epithalamus found?
In front of the superior colliculus of midbrain
What does the epithalamus consist of?
Pineal gland and habenula
What hormone does the pineal gland produce?
Melatonin
What does the habenula have connections with?
Limbic system
Where is the subthalamus found?
Beneath the thalamus and behind the hypothalamus
What are the two cell groups associated with the subthalaus?
Subthalamic nucleus and zona incerta
Where si the subthalamic nucleus found?
Venterolateral part of subthalamus
What are the connections o the subthalamic nucleus?
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