Summary
Résumé Cours SQL
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Toutes les commandes sql avec exemple d'application, sans trop de blabla
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Cours SQLSQL est un langage standardisé, implémenté par tous les SGBDR, qui permet de définir le modèle de
manipuler.
Qu’appelle-t-on SGBDR ?
Un système de gestion de BD relationnelles (SGBDR) est un logiciel standard qui repose sur les princ
SGBDR propose les trois principales fonctions suivantes :
la définition des données sous forme de relations ;
la manipulation des données par un langage déclaratif ;
l’administration des données.
Catégories de commandes SQL
COMMANDE DDL
CREATE:
Exercice /q1
, #MEILLEURE SYNTAXE parce qu'on nomme les contraintes et qu'on peut y revenir plus tard.
CREATE TABLE voiture (
No number(4) not null,
marque varchar2(20) not null,
model varchar(20) not null,
annee number(4) not null,
anciennete varchar2(30) not null,
couleur varchar2(20),
kilomètres number(5),
constraint check_kilomètres check (kilomètres<=25000),
constraint check_marque check (marque in ('HONDA','TOYOTA','NISSAN')),
constraint pk_voiture primary key (No)
);
DROP:
drop table voiture;
Remarque:
delete table voiture; #Pour supprimer les lignes d'une table sans détruire la table.
ALTER:
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name column_definition;
ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY column_name column_type;
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name;
ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME COLUMN old_name TO new_name;
Remarque:
desc voiture; #Description de la table
, alter table voiture add proprietaire varchar2(30) not null
alter table voiture drop column proprietaire;
alter table voiture rename to v; #Modifier le nom de la table
desc v;
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