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HEALTH 501 Midterm Answer Key
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HEALTH 501 Midterm Answer Key
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Pop Health 501: Midterm 11. Air Pollution: The excessive concentration of foreign material in the
air which adversely affects the well-being of humans, plants or
animals.
2. Contaminant: Anything added to the environment that causes a
deviation from the average composition that a particular phase of
environment would have in absence of human activity.
3. Pollutant: A contaminant that adversely affects something we value,
and pre- sent in high enough concentration to do so.
4. Before Industrial Revolution: Fires with chimneys, incomplete
combustion, bad air quality.
5. During Industrial Revolution: Burning of fossil fuels from power
plants and factories, a lot of air pollution and nothing was done
about it
6. Smoke Abatement Era: Smoke reduction era in the U.S. No
penalties for violations in early laws, strict laws with penalties
began in 1940s.
7. Meuse Valley, Belgium: First modern air pollution disaster, elderly
susceptible
8. Donora, Pennsylvania: Fog surrounded, lasted for 4.5 days, first time
air pollu- tion was officially recognized as potential public health
problem.
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, 9. Poza Rica, Mexico: Crude oil, burning of hydrogen sulfide which is
very toxic, sudden deaths, people of all ages
10.Great London Smog: Burning of soft coal from factories and power
plants, 5 days of the worst smog: cancelled concerts and shut down
public transportation
11.Worldwide Air Pollution Episode: Thousands of excess deaths in
many cities like NYC, London, Boston and Paris
12.Seveso, Italy: Highly toxic chemical released, 38,000 people
exposed, animals exposed and killed, Italian government did not
respond in a responsible manner.
13.Bhopal, India: Pesticide plant leaked, did not realize the dangers of
the pesti- cide, "breathing fire"."
14.U.S. Clean Air Act (1970): Air quality criteria
15.Greenhouse Effect: Effect: warms the earth's surface and lowers the
atmos- phere
16.Similarities Among Disasters: Winter, dense populations, highly
industrial- ized, valley, temperature inversion, stagnant air,
accident/mixtures of non-acci- dents
17.Risk Assessment: Attempt to quantify the degree of hazard that
might result from human activities.
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