this document is of digital system and design , in this document the need of digital system id defined, and the sum of product (sop)
product of sum (pos). canonical sum of product etc.
SOLUTIONS MANUAL- DIGITAL DESIGN 4TH EDITION BY M. MORRIS MANO MICHAEL D. CILETTI
SOLUTIONS MANUAL DIGITAL DESIGN FOURTH EDITION BY M. MORRIS MANO MICHAEL D. CILETTI
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Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya
Cs 301
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What is Signal?
Digital electronics course is also called as digital logic or digital logic and designing in various
colleges the name of the subject is not important but the content is and the content of the course
is going to be the same almost same in all of this courses. We will first see what is a signal then
we will see what's an analog signal a discrete-time signal and what's a digital signal. This
particular function is the downward parabola and it is having the equation like minus of a t-
square plus BT plus C. If this is less than zero we will have the upward parabolas the upward
para bola. This is what you have to remember about the signals now I will narrow down this
study of this signal and I will talk especially about the electrical and electronics. Transducers are
the device which is used to convert the non electrical signal to an electrical signal. The reverse
transducer is the device that is used in converting the electrical signal into a non electrical one. In
the next presentation we will see what is the analog signal and the discrete-time signal then
finally we can have our digital signal.
What is an Analog Signal?
In this presentation we will move forward with our signals and we will see what is an analog
signal before actually going to the actual idea. in the last presentation we completed the
introduction of these signals and i also gave you one example in which we were at the
temperature from 9 am in the morning to the 9 pm at the night i also told you in electrical and
electronics the signal is nothing special but the change in the current and voltage with time. Each
and every volume is possible from 0 to t max the temperature in let's say degree celsius we can
have any value like this one is 27 degrees celsius. analog signal is the signal which can take any
value within the given limit. The next type of signal that is the discrete time signal is an analog
signal so let 's say we are measuring the temperature on 11 o'clock daily. This is how a discrete
time signal looks we have discretized the time axis this is not proper but you can draw it proper.
The value of the temperature between the 11 am of the last day and the second last day is not
available to us so we have to remove it so let 's rub it down okay.
What is Digital Signal?
in the last presentation we completed analog and discrete-time signal in this lecture we will study
digital signal in digital signals. In digital signals we discretize both time and magnitude axis. In
case of digital signals, we have to discretimize the magnitude axis as well by discretization. The
temperature can take values equal to 0 15 30 45 as the allowed values for the temperature capital
T. Temperature T at time T 1 is equal to 0 degree Celsius and the temperature T at. time T 2 is 38
but 38 is also not allowed it is between 3 0 30 45 we again have to take 3-0 30 because this is the
lower level so at t2 we have 30 degree Celsius temperature T. at T 3 we have 24 24 is near to 30
but again we have to consider the lower. level. If we were already having analog and discrete-
time signals then what is the need of digital signal? If you know the answer of this question go
ahead and post your answer in the comment section this is all for this presentation see you in the
next one. In the next lecture we will discuss this need for digital signal.
, Need of Digital Signals
In this presentation we will discuss the advantage of digital signal over analog signal. Digital
signal is used in communication process to minimize the effect of noise. In case of analog signal
the voltage can take any value from 0 volt to 5 volt and 2. 7 volt is definitely within this limit so
at the receiver 's end we will consider the transmitted voltage equal to 2. 5 volts. Digital signal is
good for noise rejection when the value of noise is smaller. Digital signals are good when value
of signal is smaller but when value is high we have to look for more advanced methods. We have
few more advantages of digital signals over the analog we will discuss these advantages in the
next presentation.
Introduction to Digital Electronics
I have already explained you it is better to work in digital domain as compared to the analog
domain especially if I talk about transmission and storage because efficiency and cost is reduced
in case of digital so what we want we want to push most part of our analysis towards the digital
side but you already know all the real life signals are analog in nature so how we can process it
by using the digital system that's why I am going to explain you the whole arrangement how it
actually works. Digital systems task is to manipulate the data and process it according to your
need and once it is processed it again has to give it back to the real world. Then the output is the
multi bit it is then given to the another block that we call as D a see these stands for digital a
stands for analog and C stands for converter so this one is the digital to analog converter. forward
in this course we will study some modules also but we will not study the digital system like
computer calculator watch. This is the outline of the course that you have to study in in the
coming presentations so I think this is all for this presentation see you in the next one.
Switch and Bits Intuition
Digital system is noise immunity, less use of bandwidth, encryption and less bandwidth. Digital
system uses less bandwidth than analog system, encryption, less bandwidth and more efficient
transmission of signals over a long distance so efficiency is higher for long distance transmission
in case of digital system. If only few levels are allowed then what about accuracy so accuracy is
poor in this case we want to increase the accuracy. This is a single switch and if this is open then
we can consider it off and when it is off the voltage passing through this switch is zero it means
zero volt is there. When this is closed when the switch is closed we will consider it on and 5 volt
is passing through the switch sw is our switch when sw is open it is 0 volt. If i use one switch for
zero to five volts we have zero volt as first level and five volt as second level in the same way if i
use two switches for 0 to 5 volts i will have four levels by using two switches. We use bits to
represent the quantity if we want to divide 0 to 5 volts in 1 0 to 4 levels we have to use 10 bits 2
to the power 10 gives us 1 0 2 4 this is number of switch and number of switches equal to
number of bits. We often use internet to download movies and generally the size of movie is 800
megabyte for 720 pixels and about 1. 6 gigabyte for 1080 pixels.
Introduction to Boolean Algebra (Part 1)
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