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Samenvatting Logistiek en Expeditie
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Samenvatting van de lessen en slides van het vak Logistiek en Expeditie
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Logistiek & ExpeditieAlgemeen beeld van logistiek & supply chain, logistieke beslissingen
les 1 - 15/2
Context
Veel beleid gemaakt rond transport en logistiek omdat transport van goederen direct gelinkt
is aan GDP. Ze nemen evenredig toe.
Wereldwijde trends
1. Standaardisatie (container)
Wereldwijde groei in handel en snelle groei sinds jaren ‘60 door opkomst container:
meer efficiëntie.
Wereldhandel groeit meestal samen met transport.
2. E-commerce en handel
1
, + effecten van covid (in BE nam e-commerce handel met meer dan 200% toe)
Logistiek en transport is een belangrijk onderdeel voor het succes van ‘disruptors’
(Uber, WeChat, Alibaba, Amazon, Google, Deliveroo, Testla,...): ze doen allen iets
wat te maken heeft met logistiek of transport.
Top 5 ‘disruptors’:
- Robotics
- Omnichannel & E-commerce
- Sensors en IOT (Internet of Things)
- Big data
- Digital networks
3. Management
Vroeger: belangrijkste departementen waren Finance, Sales en Marketing.
Andere departementen (zoals logistiek & operations) moesten volgen en uitvoeren
(reactief), werden vaak gezien als departementen die niet strategisch mochten
meedenken.
Nu: meer samenspraak tussen de departementen waarbij ook logistiek en operations
+ IT meer inbreng hebben.
Van een puur operationele functie zijn ze geëvolueerd naar departementen die
strategisch mogen meedenken (proactief).
4. Ecosysteem denken
= bedrijven proberen ecosystemen op te zetten waarbij men probeert klanten binnen
het ecosysteem te houden. (bv. bepaalt bedrag per maand betalen voor diensten
zoals videostreaming, same day delivery, … zoals Prime (Amazon), Select
(Bol.com),...)
5. Covid 19
Waarom doen we aan logistiek? En wat is logistiek?
2
,● Transport
Transport refers to the movement of people or goods from one place to another.
● Logistics
Logistics refers to the transportation and storage of materials, parts and products in a
supply chain. Logistics includes inbound and outbound processes to and from
warehouses, as well as internal and external materials handling and transport
operations. It also includes the execution of services and the transfer of information
between the various stages of a supply chain.
7R objectief: doelen van logistiek
- the RIGHT GOODS
- in the RIGHT QUANTITY
- with the RIGHT QUALITY
- at the RIGHT TIME
- at the RIGHT PLACE
- at the RIGHT COST
- at the RIGHT SUSTAINABLE IMPACT/FOOTPRINT → Wint aan belang
● Supply chain (integrated logistics)
A supply chain encompasses all activities (operations) needed to convert raw
materials into final products, from sourcing through component manufacturing and
final assembly to distribution to end-markets, and including all necessary materials
handling and storage (in short, logistics) activities. More and more, it also includes
the handling of return flows of products and possible re-use of materials and
components, in which case we speak of closed loop supply chains. Almost always,
these activities are not executed by only one industry but instead encompass a
number of companies and organisations jointly operating in a chain or network,
referred to as end-to-end supply chains.
(planning, sourcing & procurement)
Logistieke ketens bestaan uit:
- Inbound Logistics
- Warehousing / Value Added Logistics
- Outbound / distribution logistics
- Returns & Closed loop logistics
- Pooling: management van palletten (belangrijk om mee te nemen want 1
pallet kost gem. 12 - 18 euro)
3
, Supply chain = logistiek + transport + procurement
Ook waste logistiek is aan belang aan het winnen. Nu wordt bv. nog vaak kleding verbrand
na return.
→ Shrink: producten die je moet weggooien (bv. verse goederen zoals fruit, vlees, vis,...)
Logistieke kosten
- Transportkosten
- Behandelingskosten (magazijnen, hubs, …)
- Voorraadkosten
- Service Level Agreements (SLA bv. Timing & Kwaliteit)
- Verzekeringskosten
- Verpakking
- Orderverwerking, administratie & klantenservicekosten
- Locatiekosten
- Belang van kosten van de laatste kilometer
- Pooling systemen
Het product is de link tussen klant en verkoper want het vereist logistiek en transport. Echter
kan de klant alles wat te maken heeft met logistiek, distributie en reverse logistics niet niet.
Het product van de logistiek
Productgerelateerde aspecten die logistiek en transport beïnvloeden (hoe moet met het
product worden omgegaan etc):
4
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