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Respiratory system
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Lecture notes of 3 pages for the course 2º Curso Histología at UAX (Respiratory system)
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The respiratory systemThe respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases between the body and the
environment. It is composed of several structures, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, and lungs. The following are some notes on the respiratory system in English.
Anatomy of the respiratory system
The respiratory system is composed of several structures, including:
Nose: The nose is the primary structure responsible for inhaling and exhaling air. It contains
two nostrils that lead to the nasal cavity.
Pharynx: The pharynx is a muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity to the larynx. It is
responsible for directing air and food to their respective destinations.
Larynx: The larynx is a cartilaginous structure located at the top of the trachea. It contains the
vocal cords, which are responsible for producing sound.
Trachea: The trachea is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It is lined with cilia,
which help to move mucus and other particles out of the respiratory tract.
Bronchi: The bronchi are two large tubes that branch off from the trachea and lead to the
lungs. They are responsible for directing air to the lungs.
Lungs: The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system. They are located in the
chest cavity and are responsible for exchanging gases between the body and the environment.
Function of the respiratory system
The respiratory system is responsible for several important functions, including:
Gas exchange: The respiratory system is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon
dioxide between the body and the environment. Oxygen is taken in through the nose and
transported to the lungs, where it is exchanged for carbon dioxide.
Regulation of blood pH: The respiratory system helps to regulate the pH of the blood by
removing carbon dioxide from the body.
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