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HSY2601 ASSIGNMENT 1 OF 2023
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HSY2601 ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWERS OF 2023
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FULL NAMESTUDENT NUMBER
MODULE CODE HSY2601
In your own words, identify and discuss the characteristics and
elements of colonialism on French subjects in the 19th Century.
The French presence in Africa dates back to the 17th century, but the main period of
colonial expansion occurred during the 19th century with the invasion of Ottoman
Algiers in 1830, conquests in West and Equatorial Africa during the so-called
scramble for Africa, and the establishment of protectorates in Tunisia and Morocco in
the decades preceding World War1. After the war, the Council of Nations gave
mandates for portions of Togo and Cameroon to France. This article examines the
defining characteristics of various French themes throughout the nineteenth century
(Melvin, 200).
Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, assimilation was a major aspect of French
colonialism's ideology. The French government pushed cultural assimilation among
colonial subjects throughout the French colonial empire, suggesting that by
embracing French culture, colonial subjects would allegedly be awarded the same
privileges enjoyed by French citizens and be legally recognized "French"
(Conklin,1997). Colonial settlements established by the French, such as the Four
Communes in French West Africa, were designed with assimilation in mind. Although
Africans living in such settlements were theoretically granted the full rights of French
citizens, discriminatory policies from various French colonial administrations denied
the majority of these rights to "full-blooded Africans." 2.
The French also advocated for the inverse notion of association. This doctrine
stressed that the connection between the conqueror and the conquered, of white and
1
Robert Aldrich, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion (1996) p 304
2
Herbert Ingram Priestley (2018). France Overseas: A Study of Modern Imperialism. p. 192. ISBN
9781351002417.
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