Summary
Samenvatting van alle hoorcolleges, werkcolleges en zelfstudies van de cursus Central Nervous System Disorders Thema 4, 5 & 6 (BMW31012)
Deze gedetailleerde samenvatting behandelt alles wat aan bod is gekomen tijdens de hoorcolleges, werkcolleges en zelfstudies van Thema 4, 5 & 6 van de cursus Central Nervous System Disorders aan de Universiteit Utrecht (BMW31012). Hierdoor bevat het alle informatie die nodig is voor het deeltentame...
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Uploaded on
March 9, 2023
Number of pages
163
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Summary
psychose
etiologie
schizofrenie
dsm 5
bio psycho sociale model
epigenetica
depressie
bipolaire stoornissen
psychotische stoornissen
adhd
ass
dopamine hypothese
antipsychotica
dysc
respons vs remissie
Book Title: Neuroscience
Author(s): Unknown
Edition: Unknown
ISBN: 9781605358413
Edition: Unknown
Summary
Summary Neurosciences (AB_1200)
Class notes
Summary of Purves Chapter 22: Early Brain Development
Class notes
Samenvatting Fundamentals of Neuroscience, UvA
All for this textbook (44)
Institution
Universiteit Utrecht (UU)
Education
Biomedische Wetenschappen
Course
Central Nervous System Disorders (BMW31012)
All documents for this subject (5)
By: fietjeklopper • 1 year ago
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Samenvatting Central Nervous
System Disorders
Psychose, beroerte en ontwikkelingsstoornissen
Biomedische Wetenschappen
2020-2021
Door Nicole (studente BMW)
,Inhoudsopgave
Psychose, symptomen en etiologie ......................................................................................................... 5
Organische psychosen ......................................................................................................................... 6
Schizofrenie ......................................................................................................................................... 7
DSM-5 criteria.................................................................................................................................. 7
Epidemiologie ................................................................................................................................ 10
Prognose ........................................................................................................................................ 13
Behandeling ................................................................................................................................... 13
Milieurisico’s voor psychiatrische stoornissen ...................................................................................... 14
Homo sapiens .................................................................................................................................... 14
Nature vs. nurture ............................................................................................................................. 16
Bio-psycho-sociale model.................................................................................................................. 20
Omgevingsrisicofactoren ............................................................................................................... 21
Mechanismen .................................................................................................................................... 24
Epigenetica .................................................................................................................................... 24
Omgevingsfactoren en aandoeningen .................................................................................................. 26
Groep 1: Blootstelling aan lood en depressie ................................................................................... 26
Mechanisme .................................................................................................................................. 26
Mental health outcome................................................................................................................. 26
Conclusie ....................................................................................................................................... 26
Groep 2: Maternale influenza en bipolaire stoornissen ................................................................... 27
Groep 3: Ketamine en depressie ....................................................................................................... 28
Mechanisme .................................................................................................................................. 29
Voordelen ...................................................................................................................................... 30
Nadelen ......................................................................................................................................... 30
Groep 4: Slechthorenden en psychotische stoornissen .................................................................... 31
Directe oorzaken ........................................................................................................................... 31
Groep 5: Cocaïne en depressie.......................................................................................................... 33
Groep 6: Luchtvervuiling en depressie .............................................................................................. 34
Mechanisme .................................................................................................................................. 34
Mental health outcome................................................................................................................. 34
Groep 7: Hypoxie en ADHD ............................................................................................................... 35
Mechanisme .................................................................................................................................. 35
Mental health outcome................................................................................................................. 35
Groep 8: Valproïnezuur en ASS ......................................................................................................... 36
Mechanisme .................................................................................................................................. 36
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, Mental health outcome................................................................................................................. 36
Voorspellen van reacties op behandelingen ......................................................................................... 37
Respons vs. remissie.......................................................................................................................... 37
Respons op behandeling ............................................................................................................... 37
Remissie......................................................................................................................................... 37
Meten van respons en remissie .................................................................................................... 37
Dopamine hypothese en antipsychotica ........................................................................................... 38
Dopamine hypothese .................................................................................................................... 38
Antipsychotica ............................................................................................................................... 38
Dysconnectie hypothese ................................................................................................................... 41
Prepare study .................................................................................................................................... 42
EEG-frequentiebanden .................................................................................................................. 42
Beroerte................................................................................................................................................. 46
Ischemische beroerte (herseninfarct) ............................................................................................... 46
Intracerebrale bloeding ..................................................................................................................... 47
Subarachnoïdale bloeding ................................................................................................................. 48
Ischemische beroerte: risicofactoren en classificatie ........................................................................... 50
Anatomie van cervicale en intracerebrale arteriën .......................................................................... 50
Risicofactoren .................................................................................................................................... 54
TOAST classificatie ............................................................................................................................. 54
Pathogenese van atherosclerose .................................................................................................. 55
Cardio-embolie .............................................................................................................................. 58
Occlusie van kleine bloedvaten (lacunair infarct) ......................................................................... 60
Andere oorzaak ............................................................................................................................. 64
Niet gedetermineerd ("cryptogeen") ............................................................................................ 66
Ischemische beroerte: cascade, penumbra en behandelingen ............................................................ 67
Cerebrale autoregulatie .................................................................................................................... 67
Ischemische cascade ......................................................................................................................... 68
CT-perfusie ........................................................................................................................................ 69
Casus .............................................................................................................................................. 71
Acute behandeling bij ischemische beroertes .................................................................................. 73
Intraveneuze recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) .................................................. 73
Endovasculaire behandeling.......................................................................................................... 75
Stamcellen en beroertes ....................................................................................................................... 78
Ontwikkeling corticale lagen ............................................................................................................. 78
Immuunrespons ................................................................................................................................ 79
2
, Stamcellen ......................................................................................................................................... 79
Neurale stamcellen........................................................................................................................ 82
Neurogenese ................................................................................................................................. 84
Stamceltherapie ................................................................................................................................ 90
Stamceltherapie voor neonataal ischemisch hersenletsel .................................................................... 94
Ischemisch hersenletsel .................................................................................................................... 94
Typen hersenletsel ........................................................................................................................ 95
Pathofysiologie .................................................................................................................................. 98
Endogene herstelcapaciteit van de hersenen ................................................................................. 100
Mesenchymale stamcellen .............................................................................................................. 101
Modellen ..................................................................................................................................... 102
Klinische studie ............................................................................................................................ 106
Imaging van beroertes......................................................................................................................... 108
MRI-scan .......................................................................................................................................... 108
Neuro-imaging ................................................................................................................................. 109
Identificeren van de eigenschappen van een laesie ................................................................... 110
Detecteren van secundair letsel of therapiedoelen .................................................................... 114
Monitoren of voorspellen van herstel......................................................................................... 117
Hersenstimulatie ......................................................................................................................... 124
ADHD ................................................................................................................................................... 125
Classificatie ...................................................................................................................................... 125
ADHD ........................................................................................................................................... 125
Neurobiologie .................................................................................................................................. 127
Hersenontwikkeling ..................................................................................................................... 127
ADHD ........................................................................................................................................... 130
Comorbiditeit .................................................................................................................................. 136
Heterogeniteit ................................................................................................................................. 139
Autisme spectrum stoornis (ASS) ........................................................................................................ 140
Neurobiologie .................................................................................................................................. 140
Structurele connectiviteit ................................................................................................................ 143
Functionele connectiviteit ............................................................................................................... 144
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) ................................................................................................ 145
Cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit (CSTC) ............................................................................... 148
Structurele connectiviteit ................................................................................................................ 150
Functionele connectiviteit ............................................................................................................... 151
Triple Network Model ................................................................................................................. 152
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