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Lernzettel Mathe für Physiker

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  • March 12, 2023
  • 33
  • 2022/2023
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Rechen


CIETERMINANTE
LAPLACE
ENTWICKLUNGSSATZ


SEPS

(1) Zeite (oder Spaltel auswählen


(2) (näherimmer
Vorzeichen eintragen

(3) Spalten (oder teilen) streichen




I eins"Ite cet(g?
>




det (th.det(cei


=-



b.((di) (g.f)) e.((a.i) (g.d) h.((a.f) (d.c)
-
+
-
+
-

, DIL
Betrachte eine AeMatexz (R) mit Je, 62 & Er, z.
Schreibe die EU in und Er als
Spalten in einen

Matrix
und multipliziere A.
mit




A(irz) x/")** )( we
=




1

=> A.V V. 1
=



1.V von
-




rechts


E) VAV= X bew. A: UV

, TEBsBI
in




Ba
MON

Ein UR V endlichdimensional,
heit wenn er eine Basis ve, Un
....



hat. In diesem Fall man
nennt die Dimension von V.

clim V:
=



n




:
Sei dim V=n mit, in, ...,
VmEV linear
unabhängig.
Dann
gilt m=
n.




2:
#




Sei V endlichdimensional und UCV ein UVR.
Dam auch
ist in endlichdimensional und dim n=
dim V.




Z:
#




Seit endlichdimensional, UCV Untervektorraum

mit
dim dim V. Dam
H=
giltU V.
=




DIMESIONSFORMEL für UVR


V sei VR, U, UzV endlichdimensionaler UVR
Dam
gilt:
dim (Unn Uz) + dim (Un+Uz) dim
=


Un + dim Uz

, ⑲werfräsen
DEFINITON:
Maieine
Eigenvektorbleibenbei Multiplikationin
einer
um einen
Eigenwet skaliert


AY 6 =




Ewerte sind (in unabh
#:zu verschiedenen gehörende Elektoren




How to RECHNEN:



1) Determinante berechnen:

Ansatz:At=jy= bInt ) (A-Ind) Y 0
=




det(A-Ind ~>
det (A-Ind) 0=




charakteristisches Polynom P(D)
2)



P(a) cet/A-Ind) =0
=




liefertEigenwerte beide, ...
bestenfaus
Eigenvektoren

3)


numerisches lösen von Ar=jü liefertEigenv. Erz... n

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