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Summary Social studies VWO 4 chapter 3 (tto)
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Social studies VWO 4 chapter 3 (to) Politics and Democracy
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3.1 what is democracy Politics is about making choices that all the citizens of a country are required to
follow
Public interests: prosperity, public health, infrastructure, education, safety
Democracy= a form of government in which the people directly or indirectly
influence political decision making
A form of direct democracy is referendum: a public vote about a specific political
issue
Indirect democracy (parliamentary democracy) : the people don’t make decisions
directly, the parliament does that
Characteristics of parliamentary democracy:
- rights of minorities
- separation of powers
- people elect representatives
- government and parliament make laws together
- individual freedom
- fundamental political rights
- freedom of the press
Authoritarian regime = all power is held by one person (dictator), one family, a small
group of people, or the military
Most extreme form is dictatorship
Key characteristics:
- no separation of powers
- No independent judges
- elections involve fraud, manipulation and violence
- opposition parties are banned
- no fundamental right
- no freedom of press
Censorship = government control of the media
Some authoritarian regimes are based on an ideology
-> in North Korea and China communist parties have control
-> in Iran is religious regime (people are allowed to vote but religious leaders have to
approve all decisions)
-> military regimes : army has complete control
3.2 political movements
Ideology = a set of ideas about what is important in society and about the best way
for people to co-exist
Left wing: active government intervention to reduce inequality-> more taxes
Right wing: people are responsible for bettering their lives -> government should
avoid interference
Centrist: in the middle
3 political ideologies:
Liberalism : people are not the same but they are all equal
Socialism: emphasises that not everyone has equal opportunities and privileges
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