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History of the WorldSpace World
What if we could tell you the entire history of the world? Now, what if we told you
we could do it in just two hours? We're going to tell the whole story from the Big
Bang to the present day. We'll explore how the planet prepared for the rise of man,
how the Stone Age led to the steam engine, and how the first seeds sprouted into
cities and civilizations.There are billions of stars, yet not a single planet. But
eventually, planets and people took the next leap. The universe needs more than
just hydrogen and helium - the heavier elements are actually manufactured in stars,
such as iron or carbon, which make up life. Two-thirds of the history of the
universe has already passed.The first sunrises sweep across foreboding, alien
planets, and the elements made by stars will become the seeds of life on Earth and
the drivers of human history. But this journey has just begun. Before there can be
life,
4 billion years ago, it was too hot on earth for liquid water to exist. However,
there was water vapor steam in the atmosphere. The challenge was how to extract it
from the sky onto a planet where life could exist. For millions of years, as the
planet cooled down, a little rain must have fallen. As a result, rain poured down,
forming puddles, lakes, and eventually our oceans. Two and a half billion years
ago, all the energy that will ever exist was created in the big bang. This led to
some very special bacteria that figured out how to consume the sun's energy to
live. These bacteria also created oxygen, the most important waste product in the
history of the world. Soon oxygen will remold our world, but first, it has another
critical job to do. Earth's ancient oceans were full of iron particles; we owe a
great deal to our fish ancestors. In fact, all vertebrates today are modifications
of the original fish body plan for the first four billion years of Earth's
existence. For me personally, the most incredible moment in animal evolution is
that first amphibian emerges from the prehistoric ocean onto land and takes a
massive gulp of air.
After more than four billion years, the moon's gravity finally settles earth into a
24-hour day. At the start of the dinosaur era, the continents are clustered
together into a single landmass we call Pangaea, but now they start to break apart.
Africa separates from South America, and the vast Atlantic Ocean opens up, creating
what will become one of the defining barriers of human history. A new creature is
coming that threatens to destroy them. Seven million years ago, our primate
ancestors lived safely in the trees, but their neighborhood is about to be invaded.
This newcomer will have as profound an effect on human history as any other living
thing on earth. Grasslands invade the traditional woodland habitat of our ape
ancestors with fewer trees and greater gaps between them. The next leap towards
becoming truly human relies on a little-known secret of our home planet in the
known universe. Earth may have a rare and special power. Of all the planets and
moons in the solar system, we think Earth is unique in its ability to sustain fire.
Other planets and moons have lightning and lava, but only on earth do we have the
two critical things we need for fire to burn.
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