6.2 – Congo-Vrijstaat
Ontstaan
1885 – 1908: Privé-eigendom van Belgische koning Leopold II
o 1885: opgericht door Leopold II
Toestemming gevraag op Conferentie van Berlijn
Redenen voor kolonisatie
o Persoonlijk geldingsdrang
o Ambitie om België te verfraaien
o De economische en financiële macht en het prestige van België vergroten
o Beschavingsdrang
Schrikbewind
Force Publique: koloniaal leger (blanke officieren en Afrikaanse soldaten)
Grondgebied: gebruikt door rubbervennootschappen
o Oogsten door mannelijke Congolezen (Belasting: Jaarlijkse hoeveelheid rubber)
1908: Congo geannexeerd door de Belgische staat onder internationale druk
o Veel alarmerende berichten over gruwelen
Slavernij, ontvoeringen, martelen, verkrachtingen, platbranden van dorpen en
akkers, onthoofdingen, afhakken van handen …)
Bevolking daalde: 20 miljoen 8 miljoen
o Belgisch-Congo
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