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PRGRT03 Assignment 2 2023
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PRGRT03 Assignment 2 2023
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PRGRT03ASSIGNMENT 2
SEMESTER 2 2023
MAY JUNE 2023
, PRGRT03 ASSIGNMENT 02
TOTAL MARKS = 70
QUESTION ONE [20 marks]
1.1 Distinguish between the constructivist and behaviourist learning theories. (6
marks)
The constructivist and behaviorist learning theories are two different approaches to
understanding how individuals learn. Here are the key distinctions between them:
Focus on Knowledge Construction:
Constructivism: Constructivism emphasizes that learners actively construct knowledge and
meaning through their experiences and interactions with the environment. Learners are seen
as active participants in the learning process, building their understanding based on prior
knowledge and new information.
Behaviorism: Behaviorism, on the other hand, focuses on observable behaviors and external
stimuli. It posits that learning is a passive process where individuals respond to stimuli in their
environment. The emphasis is on the acquisition of specific behaviors through reinforcement
and conditioning.
Role of the Learner:
Constructivism: Constructivism views the learner as an active meaning-maker who constructs
knowledge based on their own experiences and interpretations. Learners bring their prior
knowledge, beliefs, and cultural background to the learning process and actively engage in
sense-making.
Behaviorism: Behaviorism perceives the learner as a passive recipient of information. The
learner's role is to respond to external stimuli and demonstrate specific behaviors that are
reinforced or punished. The emphasis is on shaping and controlling the learner's responses.
Nature of Learning:
Constructivism: Constructivism suggests that learning is a personal and subjective process. It
involves constructing meaning, creating mental models, and making connections between new
information and existing knowledge. Learning is seen as a process of active inquiry, reflection,
and sense-making.
Behaviorism: Behaviorism views learning as an objective and observable process. It focuses
on the acquisition of specific behaviors through conditioning and reinforcement. Learning is
measured by changes in behavior, and the emphasis is on the external demonstration of
learned responses.
Instructional Strategies:
Constructivism: Constructivist approaches emphasize hands-on and experiential learning,
collaborative activities, problem-solving, and critical thinking. Learners are encouraged to
explore and discover knowledge for themselves, with the teacher serving as a facilitator and
guide.
Behaviorism: Behaviorist approaches rely on structured and repetitive instruction, drill and
practice, rewards, and punishments. Learners are passive recipients of information, and the
teacher plays a more authoritative role in delivering content and reinforcing desired behaviors.
Assessment:
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