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propiedadesfísicas y quimicas

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todo sobre materiales en sus propiedades fisicas y quimicas

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  • March 16, 2023
  • 58
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • Cleodo
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Propiedades físicas y mecánicas
de los materiales – Parte II

,Propiedades físicas y mecánicas de
los materiales
2.5. Propiedades mecánicas de los materiales
2.5.1 Tensión y Deformación
2.5.2 Elasticidad
2.5.3 Plasticidad
2.5.4 Ductilidad
2.5.5 Tenacidad y Resiliencia
2.5.6 Dureza
2.5.7 Fluencia
2.5.8 Fatiga

, Capítulo 2.5. Propiedades Mecánicas

Definición
Son propiedades del material relacionadas con su
capacidad de transmitir y resistir fuerzas o
deformaciones


Importancia
Elección del material adecuado para cada aplicación o
proyecto
Modelizar el comportamiento observado en la práctica

, Capítulo 2.5. Propiedades Mecánicas
Determinación
Las propiedades mecánicas generalmente se
determinan mediante ensayos aplicados a
probetas o piezas
Clasificación de los ensayos:
– Destructivos: provocan inutilización parcial o total de la
En cuanto pieza (tracción, dureza, fatiga, fluencia, torsión, flexión,
a la impacto)
Integridad – No destructivos: no comprometen la integridad de la pieza
(rayos X, ultrasonido, líquidos penetrantes, microdureza)

– Estáticos: carga aplicada lentamente (tracción, compresión,
flexión, dureza)
En cuanto
a la – Dinámicos: carga aplicada lentamente o de forma cíclica
velocidad (fatiga e impacto)
– Carga constante: carga aplicada durante un largo período
(fluencia)

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