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Design and Technology GCSE Unit 4 Materials 4.1-4.4
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GCSE DT Unit 4 Materials Notes from 4.1-4.4
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, Unit4.1 Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
Non-ferrous
-
-
Ferrous metal metal
* ↳
Contains elementi ron or ferrite (Fe) Don'tcontain iron
Alloys -Metal origins
-
↳
Combining 2 or more elements ↳
Metal' comes from Greek word metallon (mine, excavate)
*
Improves the
working properties and appearance
↳
Common alloys:Brass and stainless steel
*
Combining certain elements alloy can be protected from oxygen (oxidisation)
-
Ore
Silver Gold
Tom
Aluminium Zinc Iron Copper
↑
Metallic minerals found in rock or one
↑ most Least
Obtained by mining reactive
reactive
-
Extraction process
>
Mostmetals are smelted in a blastfurnace
↳
Electrolysis -> extract metals such as aluminium
-
Smelting -
Ductile metals
↳>
*
Used for iron and copper Stretch who being damaged
*
*
Metals are drawn off in liquid state' hotmetal impurities are removed can be drawn or stretchedout into long wires
↳
Blast furnace reaches about1700 to extractiron from iron ore
↳
e.g. copper
-
Malleable metals -
Hardness
to withstand abrasion (F***)
* ->
Hammered into a shape who
breaking Ability
->
can be rolled or pressed into sheets easily butdeform if compressed
Toughness Physical
- -
structure
4 ↳>
Ability to absorb energy and notfracture
crystalline structure of metals can be modified through heat treatments
↳
larger the grains -
tougher and more ductile
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