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HRD3702 – Management of Training and DevelopmentWORKBOOK 7: HRD for socioeconomic inclusiveness
3. Entrepreneurship and small business development
South Africa has a very high unemployment rate, which can be decreased by entrepreneurship as a creator of jobs. In
organisations, an entrepreneurial mindset can encourage creative thinking and help identify ways to stay competitive.
1st Industrial Revolution based on water and steam power to mechanise production.
2nd Industrial Revolution evolved used electric power to create mass production.
3rd Industrial Revolution used electronics (digital) and information technology to automate production.
4th uses the previous revolutions digital advances to fuse technologies, blurring the lines between the
physical, digital, and biological spheres.
It is characterised by velocity, its scope and systems impact. For businesses to function effectively in this changed
environment and to keep up with the ever-changing conditions, new skills have to be learned via the continuous
training and development of the global workforce. Top 10 skills identified for 2020:
• Complex problem-solving,
• Critical thinking,
• creativity,
• people management
• coordinating with others
• emotional intelligence
• judgement and decision-making
• service orientation
• negotiation
• cognitive flexibility
An entrepreneur is a person who habitually creates and innovates to build something of value for which
opportunities have been spotted. The relationship between entrepreneurship, large organisations, and macro-
economic activity in a country is acknowledged as being complex.
The income of the country and the income per person will influence the decisions of entrepreneurs, the number of people
who become entrepreneurs and the type and the quality of their endeavours. Consequently, the quantity and the quality
of entrepreneurship in South Africa will contribute to the country’s growth and the development of economic growth.
4. Training Entrepreneurship
The relationship between entrepreneurship, large organisations and macro-economic activity in a country is
acknowledged as being complex. In this regard it is pointed out that entrepreneurship should be viewed in the
following context:
• The level of national economic development (usually as measured by per capita income) determines the
environment in which people make entrepreneurial decisions.
• The level of national economic development determines the type, quality and quantity of entrepreneurship
in a country.
• In turn, the type, quality and quantity of entrepreneurship contribute to the growth and development of the
economy of a country.
❖ Training programmes in contemporary circumstances ought to enhance the ideal characteristics of
entrepreneurs. To enhance entrepreneurship at the widest possible contact level, enterprises, education
providers and even schools could initiate training programmes to support entrepreneurial awareness among
the broader population in South Africa.
The following generic four topics should be covered in entrepreneurship training:
Anybody can be an entrepreneur and understanding entrepreneurship, including understanding one’s-
self and personal motivations, values and goals.
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