Summary Course 1.1 Social Psychology - People in Groups
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Course
Social Psychology: People in Groups (ESSBP1010)
Institution
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)
I offer you a complete summary of the first course of the first year of psychology. . You can be sure that I included short notes to make studying easier .So good luck with your studies and I hope you enjoy my notes!
environmental cues lead to emotional labels for unexplained states of arousal
strong emotios getting relabeled as sexual attraction (confederate related)
💡 emotion provoking circumstances doesnt require full attention
definitions:
confederate: appears as a research participant, but is part of the research team
affective neuroscience: field that uses cognitive neuroscience to study emotions
some brain areas are activated in all emotions
others are related to specific emotion (amygdala=fear)
Arousal:
physiological and/or psychological, activation of sympathetic system
residual arousal: lasts longer
individuals are unaware of arused physiological state (missattribution apperas) (racing
heart, rapid breathing, trembling, perspiration)
Emotion-:
cognitive interpretation of your physiological interpretation.
💡 needs stimulus/reason & lasts shorter
mood: lasts longer not affected by stimulus
How are emotions created?
theories of emotions:
, James Lange Theory of Emotion (~1880’s)
The subjective experience of emotion is the awareness of one’s own bodily reactions
in the presence of certain arousing stimuli
only if we detect the change in body patterns we feel emotion
→ (‘I feel afraid because I am trembling)
criticism:
epinephrine experiment**: Bodily reactions** are often similar to the emotion.
Do not use cognition to evaluate. (environmental cues→ reactions)
opposite is common sense ( stimulus→ fear→ arousal)
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion (1927)
‘The bear makes me tremble and feel afraid’
stimulus triggers response in brain, which causes the physical symptoms/ patterns and
the emotion itself
difference to James -LAnge: cognition is involved & the way of processing is at the same
time
Schachter-Singet Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
The experience of emotion is based on two factors: 1) physiological arousal
2)cognitive interpretation of arousal
the emotion felt depends on the interpretation of body symptoms relating to the
context
Physiological arousal: racing heart, rapid breathing…
Cognitive interpretation: explains the source of the arousal
example
Stimulus → Arousal & Appraisal (“that is one scary bear”) → Experience
“I label my trembling as fear because I appraise the situation as dangerous”
(subconscious and fast process)
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