Unit 12D - Understand how the human body responds to diseases and infections - Pass task
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Course
Unit 12 - Diseases and Infections
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
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Skin – Prevents any pathogens from entering
externally – has a layer of epithelial cells and a
These are lymphocytes and there are two main lipid layer that prevents the bacteria from
types of T-cells. Tc (Helper T cells – this entering the body. The body also produces many
activates and coordinates the immune antimicrobial substances which will kill or
response) and TH (Killer T cells – directly prevent the growth of the pathogens – things
attack and destroy the infected cell). such as lysosomes and fatty acids.
Nose – This works by trapping any pathogens
before they can reach further into the body and
The TC cell will have a specific receptor that tissue. Mucus also helps with this as it will trap
binds to a specific antigen that is on the the pathogens and prevent them from spreading
surface of the infected body cell. further, these are produced by goblet cells. Tiny
hair-like structures (Cilia) move in a coordinated
pattern to help it be moved towards the throat
where the mucus can then be swallowed or
expelled out of the mouth.
Trachea – This works by trapping and preventing
pathogens from entering deeper tissue to prevent
infection – it does so by the tracheal glands
producing mucus which helps with it. It also
contains cilia to move the pathogens so it can be
either swallowed into the stomach or expelled
out of the mouth.
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